Figure 5.

RvE1 improves cardiac phosphorylation of Akt and attenuates the increases in cardiac phosphorylation of IKKα/β, nuclear translocation of p65, ERK1/2, and JNK1/2 in CLP mice. Mice underwent sham or CLP surgery. One hour after CLP, mice were treated with either RvE1 (1 μg/mouse i.v.) or vehicle (100 μl PBS, 0.1% Ethanol). Signaling events in heart tissue were assessed at 24 h. Densitometric analysis of the bands is expressed as relative optical density (O.D.) of (A) phosphorylated Akt (pSer⁴⁷³) corrected for the corresponding total Akt content and normalized using the related sham band; (B) phosphorylated IKKα/β (pSer^176/180) corrected for the corresponding total IKKα/β content and normalized using the related sham band; (C) NF-κB p65 subunit levels in both, cytosolic and nuclear fractions expressed as a nucleus/cytosol ratio normalized using the related sham bands; (D) ERK1/2 phosphorylation, corrected for the corresponding total ERK1/2 content and normalized using the related sham band; (E) JNK1/2 phosphorylation, corrected for the corresponding total JNK1/2 content and normalized using the related sham band. Each analysis (A–E) is from a single experiment and is representative of three to four separate experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM for n number of observations. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. CLP + Vehicle group.