Table 3.
Subgroup analyses presenting several factors associated with the prevalence of CMDs in included in studies.
| Group | Pooled prevalence | Lower limit | Upper limit | Q-value | df (Q) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method for identification of CMD | ||||||
| Diagnostic | 5.22% | 4.27% | 6.37% | 139.23 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Questionnaire | 19.14% | 17.38% | 21.02% | |||
| Study setting | ||||||
| Community | 13.05% | 11.74% | 14.49% | 31.71 | 3.00 | <0.001 |
| Healthcare setting | 29.01% | 21.25% | 38.24% | |||
| Other | 26.53% | 17.38% | 38.26% | |||
| Refugee Settings | 7.19% | 3.19% | 15.40% | |||
| Sampling Method | ||||||
| Non-random | 19.0% | 16.4% | 21.9% | 26.18 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Random | 11/4% | 10% | 12.9% | |||
| Study design | ||||||
| Cross-sectional | 13.93% | 12.61% | 15.35% | 7.62 | 1.00 | 0.01 |
| Longitudinal | 30.52% | 17.91% | 46.94% | |||
| Background of participants | ||||||
| Mixed | 14.37% | 12.04% | 17.06% | 56.40 | 5.00 | <0.001 |
| National | 18.18% | 12.58% | 25.53% | |||
| Provincial | 1.91% | 1.03% | 3.51% | |||
| Rural | 14.12% | 10.96% | 18.00% | |||
| Semi-urban | 36.58% | 13.84% | 67.43% | |||
| Urban | 17.47% | 15.05% | 20.18% | |||