(A–D) Representative fluorescence microscopy images of cardiac fibroblasts after 24 h of culture in different medium: (A) no TGF-β1, (B) TGF-β1, (C) TGF-β1+B, (D) TGF-β1+B (Gel). (blue: DAPI; green: α-SMA). (E) The statistical results of the ratio of α-SMA positive cells to all cells (n = 3, ***p < 0.001). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)