Fig. 2.

Anti-PD-1 robustly upregulated Tregs levels in NSCLC patients and the syngeneic tumor mouse model.

(A–C) The effect of anti-PD-1 therapy on the levels of Tregs in (A) PR, (B) SD, and (C) PD groups. PR, N = 7; SD, N = 13; PD, N = 7. Two-tailed paired t-test was performed.

(D) The effect of anti-PD-1 therapy on the percentage of Ki67⁺ Tregs in human peripheral blood. N = 7. Two- tailed paired t-test was performed.

(E) The representative plot of Tregs of baseline and after PD-1 therapy in peripheral blood of syngeneic tumor model.

(F) The effect of anti-PD-1 on the Tregs in peripheral blood of mice. Before anti-PD-1, N = 9; after anti-PD-1, N = 9. Two-tailed paired t-test was performed.

(G–I) The effect of anti-PD-1 on the Tregs in (G) DLN, (H) spleens, and (I) tumors in mice. PBS, N = 5; Anti-PD-1, N = 9–10. Two tailed unpaired t-test was performed.

(J–K) The effect of anti-PD-1 therapy on the percentage of Ki67⁺ Tregs in (J) peripheral blood and (K) spleen of mice. N = 6. Two-tailed unpaired t-test was performed.

ns: no significant difference, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the control group. A P value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.