Table 2:
Racial and Ethnic Composition of Highly Cited Observational Studies in DMD
| Article | Study size (N) | White | Black/ African American | American Indian or Alaska Native | Asian (including South Asian) | Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | Other/ Unknown | Hispanic/ Latino |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ImagingDMD NCT01484678 | 182 | 164 90.1% |
3 1.6% |
2 1.1% |
10 5.5% |
1 0.5% |
2/0 1.1/0% |
17 9.3% |
| Arias 2011(12) | 34 | 25 73.5% |
- | - | - | - | - | 9a 26.5% |
| Bello 2015(13) | 340 | 248 72.9% |
6 1.8% |
- | 55 16.2% |
- | 13/0 3.8/0% |
41a 12.1% |
| Chung 2015(14) | 40b | 37 92.5% |
- | - | 3 7.5% |
- | - | - |
| Davis 2010(15) | 44 | 37 84.1% |
2 4.5% |
- | - | - | 2/3 4.5/6.8% |
7 15.9% |
| Donders 2009(16) | 22c | 21 95% |
- | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fee 2011(17) | 165d | - 89% |
- 4% |
- | - 3% |
- | - | -a 4% |
| Hollin 2015(18) | 119 | 109 91.6% |
- | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hollin 2017(19) | 133e | 119 89.5% |
6 4.5% |
5 3.8% |
3 2.2% |
- | 2/0 1.5/0% |
10 7.5% |
| Mayer 2015(20) | 60 | 51 85.0% |
5 8.3% |
- | 2 3.3% |
- | - | 2a 3.3% |
| McDonald 2018 A(21) | 440 | 315 71.6% |
6 1.4% |
- | 77 17.5% |
3 0.7% |
29/10 6.6/2.3% |
51 11.6% |
| McDonald 2018 B(22) | 397 | 285 71.8% |
6 1.5% |
- | 69 17.4% |
3 0.8% |
28/6 7.1/1.5% |
50 12.6% |
| Peay 2014(23) | 119 | 109 91.6% |
- | - | - | - | - | - |
| Uzark 2012(24) | 203f | 183 90.1% |
2 1.0% |
- | 3 1.5% |
- | 8/7 3.9/3.4% |
- |
Percents may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
Ethnicity was reported in combination with race, rather than as a separate category.
n=15 individuals with dystrophinopathy (DMD=14, BMD=1) and n=25 parents (DMD=22, BMD=3).
In addition to the 22 individuals with DMD, the study included 18 unaffected siblings (94% White).
Only percentages were reported, precluding reporting of exact sample sizes.
Participants were allowed to choose more than one racial category; thus, numbers do not sum to 133 and percentages do not sum to 100%. N=51 participants with dystrophinopathy (DMD=42, BMD=9). N=82 caregivers (DMD=72, BMD=8, intermediate muscular dystrophy=2).
N=117 individuals with DMD, and N=200 parents, representing 203 families. Results describe family units. Asian and Pacific Islander categories grouped by author.