Table 3.
Effects of Treatment with Statins on Risk of Poststroke Pneumonia
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex, male | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) | 1.18 (1.07–1.31) |
| Age, per 5-year interval | 1.22 (1.19–1.24) | 1.21 (1.18–1.23) |
| Hypertension | 1.41 (1.26–1.58) | 1.12 (1.00–1.25) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.28 (1.15–1.42) | 1.23 (1.11–1.37) |
| Myocardial infarction | 1.17 (0.97–1.41) | 1.09 (0.91–1.32) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.40 (1.20–1.63) | 1.17 (1.00–1.37) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.63 (1.45–1.82) | 1.29 (1.15–1.45) |
| Thrombolysis | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 1.10 (0.81–1.48) |
| Household income | ||
| Low | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Middle | 0.95 (0.84–1.06) | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) |
| High | 1.09 (0.97–1.22) | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) |
| Hospital type at index stroke | ||
| General hospital | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Hospital or clinic | 1.41 (1.25–1.59) | 1.20 (1.06–1.35) |
| Duration of hospital stay following index stroke | ||
| ≤16 days | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| >16 days | 0.95 (0.87–1.05) | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) |
| Time-dependent variables | ||
| No use of statins | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Current use of statins | 0.81 (0.73–0.91) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) |
Note: Data derived from Cox proportional hazard–regression model for the development of poststroke pneumonia.