Table 1.
The role of some miRNAs in osteoporosis and their mechanisms through osteoblasts and osteoclasts and targets
| miRNA ID | Target molecule and pathway | Mechanisms that affect osteoporosis through osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
|---|---|---|
| miR-33-5p [20] | Hmga2 | Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-194 [22] | Runx2 | Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| miRNA-433-3p [23] | DKK1 | Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-96 [24, 26] | EGFR, HB-EGF |
Promote osteoblast differentiation Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | ||
| miR-139-5p [27] | NOTCH1,Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-216a [28] | PI3K/AKT pathway |
Promote osteoblast differentiation Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| BMP/TGF-β signaling pathway, | ||
| miR-124 [39–41] | GSK-3β, Wnt/β-catenin pathway |
Inhibit osteoblast differentiation Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| Dlx3, Dlx5, and Dlx2 | ||
| miR-542-3p [42, 43] | SFRP1 | Promote osteoblast differentiation |
| BMP-7/PI3K- survivin signaling |
Inhibit osteoblast differentiation Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
|
| NKIRAS2, NF-κB signaling | ||
| miR-125b [29–31] | BMPR1b | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-375 [32] | Runx2 | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-100 [34] | Smad1 | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-203a-3p [35] | Smad9, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-214-3p [35, 37] | ATF4 | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-153 [38] | BMPP2 | Inhibit osteoblast differentiation |
| miR-21 [69, 70] | RANKL, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, PDCD4 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-183 [71] | RANKL, HO-1 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-155 [72, 73] | TNF-α, IL-1β, RANKL, M-CSF, RANK, TRAP, Bcl-2, LEPR, AMPK, p-AMPK, OPG, Bax, TAB 1 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-223 [74] | TWIST and Runx2 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-19a [74] | TWIST and Runx2 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-214 [75] | Pten, PI3K/Akt pathway | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-182 [76] | Foxo3, Maml1 | Promote osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-26a [77] | CTGF/CCN2 | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-31 [78] | RhoA | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miRNA-17 [79] | RANKL | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-503 [80] | RANK | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-126-5p [81, 82] | PTHrP and MMP-13 | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-7b [83] | DC-STAMP | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |
| miR-141 [84] | Calcr, EphA2 | Inhibit osteoclast differentiation |