Table 1. Descriptive Statistics for CPs Measured in Hand Wipe Samples (n = 60) and Estimated Daily Dermal Exposure to CPs for Adults Based on These Data^a.

	vSCCPs	SCCPs	MCCPs	LCCPs	sumCP
DF	40%	97%	100%	100%
Mass (ng/participant)
geometric mean	<0.70	170	490	150	870
median	<0.70	160	490	150	950
range	<0.70–13	22–2400	33–7400	10–8500	43–18000
Mass per Hand Surface Area (pg/cm2)
geometric mean	<0.53	160	460	150	830
median	<0.53	160	520	120	830
range	0.16–17	11–3400	16–11000	7.4–12000	35–26000
Chlorine Content (w/w)
geometric mean	63% Cl	58% Cl	52% Cl	46% Cl	51% Cl
median	63% Cl	58% Cl	52% Cl	46% Cl	51% Cl
range	59–65% Cl	56–60% Cl	47–55% Cl	40–52% Cl	40–56% Cl
Estimated Daily Dermal Exposure [ng (kg of bw)−1 day–1]
5P	not available	0.12	0.55	0.038	0.71
median	not available	0.62	2.4	0.3	3.8
95P	0.045	3.6	11	5.5	17
RfDb	not available	2300	6000	71000	not available

^aThe sums of CPs (sumCP) were calculated from individual results. The detection frequency (DF) is the percentage of samples with a mass above the MDLs.

^bReference dose (RfD) values [ng (kg of bw)⁻¹ day^–1] for SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs were calculated by dividing the respective LOEL values [2.3,⁴⁸ 6, and 71⁴⁹ mg (kg of bw)⁻¹ day^–1] by a safety factor of 1000.