Table 2.
List of the 151 main medicinal species (≥ 5 usage citations) mentioned on the coastal area of French Guiana, ranked in descending order of citations in the surveys
| Species (herbarium no.) | Family | Citations | Transversality (number of cultural groups concerned) | Origin | Status | Habitat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (MAT 165) | Poaceae | 113 | 16 | AS | C | G |
| Cocos nucifera L. | Arecaceae | 92 | 14 | AS | W/C | G/R |
| Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle (MAT 07) | Rutaceae | 85 | 15 | AS | C | G |
| Gossypium barbadense L. (MAT 170) | Malvaceae | 77 | 11 | AM | C | G |
| Quassia amara L. (MAT 452) | Simaroubaceae | 72 | 12 | AM | W/C | G/F |
| Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (MAT 93) | Xanthorrhoeaceae | 67 | 15 | AM | C | G |
| Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P.Wilson | Verbenaceae | 67 | 11 | AM | C | G |
| Ricinus communis L. | Euphorbiaceae | 66 | 11 | AF | C | G |
| Siparuna guianensis Aubl. (MAT 293) | Siparunaceae | 66 | 12 | AM | W | G/F |
| Carapa guianensis Aubl. | Meliaceae | 65 | 12 | AM | W | F/I |
| Momordica charantia L. (MAT 299) | Cucurbitaceae | 60 | 10 | AF | P/C | R/G |
| Astrocaryum vulgare Mart. | Arecaceae | 58 | 10 | AM | W | R |
| Eryngium foetidum L. (MAT 497) | Apiaceae | 55 | 10 | AS | C | G |
| Annona muricata L. (MAT 180) | Annonaceae | 52 | 12 | AM | C | G |
| Allium sativum L. | Amaryllidaceae | 52 | 12 | EU | C | I |
| Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth (MAT 109) | Piperaceae | 49 | 10 | AM | P | G |
| Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson (MAT 265) | Menispermaceae | 48 | 8 | AS | C | G |
| Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (MAT 135) | Crassulaceae | 45 | 13 | AF | C | G |
| Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Zingiberaceae | 45 | 11 | AS | C | G |
|
Ocimum basilicum L. Ocimum campechianum Mill. (MAT 150) Ocimum minimum L. |
Lamiaceae | 43 | 8 | AS/AM | C/P | G/R |
| Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. (MAT 303) | Phyllanthaceae | 43 | 10 | AF | P | R/G |
| Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (MAT 448) | Amaranthaceae | 42 | 7 | AM | C | G |
| Lantana camara L. (MAT 298) | Verbenaceae | 41 | 10 | AM | C | G |
| Citrus × aurantium L. (MAT 498) | Rutaceae | 40 | 9 | AS | C | G |
| Cinnamomum verum J. Presl | Lauraceae | 39 | 9 | AS | C | G |
| Petiveria alliacea L. (MAT 173) | Phytolaccaceae | 39 | 7 | AM | C | G |
| Piper marginatum Jacq. (MAT 263) | Piperaceae | 36 | 9 | AM | W | R |
|
Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (MAT 325) Senna reticulata (Willd.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby |
Fabaceae | 36 | 11 | AM | W/C | R |
| Annona squamosa L. (MAT 181) | Annonaceae | 35 | 5 | AM | C | G |
| Curcuma longa L. (MAT 221) | Zingiberaceae | 35 | 10 | AS | C | G |
| Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe (MAT 205) | Costaceae | 35 | 8 | AM | W/C | R/G |
| Aristolochia trilobata L. (MAT 128) | Aristolochiaceae | 34 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. (MAT 163) | Zingiberaceae | 34 | 6 | AS | C | G |
| Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M. King & H. Rob. (MAT 234) | Asteraceae | 34 | 8 | AM | C | G |
| Anacardium occidentale L. (MAT 194) | Anacardiaceae | 33 | 14 | AM | W/C | G/R |
| Manihot esculenta Crantz | Euphorbiaceae | 33 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. | Lamiaceae | 29 | 9 | AM | C | G |
| Psidium guajava L. (MAT 499) | Myrtaceae | 29 | 12 | AM | C | G |
| Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd (MAT 199) | Lamiaceae | 28 | 8 | AS | C | G |
|
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl (MAT 174) Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl (MAT 271) |
Verbenaceae | 28 | 7 | AM | W/C | G/R |
| Scoparia dulcis L. (MAT 295) | Plantaginaceae | 27 | 9 | AM | P | R/R |
| Carica papaya L. | Caricaceae | 26 | 10 | AM | C | G |
| Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (MAT 501) | Malvaceae | 26 | 9 | AS | C | G |
| Senna alexandrina Mill. | Fabaceae | 26 | 6 | AF | C | I |
| Cecropia spp. | Urticaceae | 25 | 8 | AM | W | R |
| Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. (MAT 223) | Iridaceae | 25 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Morinda citrifolia L. (MAT 124) | Rubiaceae | 24 | 8 | AS | C | G |
| Mangifera indica L. (MAT 510) | Anacardiaceae | 24 | 10 | AM | C | G |
| Solanum leucocarpon Dunal (MAT 331) | Solanaceae | 24 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (MAT 500) | Acanthaceae | 22 | 5 | AM | C | G |
| Musa x paradisiaca. | Musaceae | 22 | 7 | AS | C | G |
| Portulaca oleracea L. (MAT 107) | Portulacaceae | 22 | 7 | CO | C | G |
| Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. (MAT 162) | Lamiaceae | 21 | 8 | AS | C | G |
| Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry (MAT 285) | Bignoniaceae | 19 | 8 | AM | W/C | G/F |
| Senna occidentalis (L.) Link (MAT 104) | Fabaceae | 19 | 5 | AM | C | G |
| Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H.Rob. (MAT 228) | Asteraceae | 18 | 8 | AM | W | R |
| Capraria biflora L. (MAT 492) | Scrophulariaceae | 17 | 5 | AM | C | G |
| Geissospermum spp. | Apocynaceae | 17 | 6 | AM | W | F |
| Crescentia cujete L. (MAT 502) | Bignoniaceae | 16 | 7 | AM | C | G |
| Copaifera spp. | Fabaceae | 16 | 6 | AM | W | F/I |
| Jatropha curcas L. (MAT 192) | Euphorbiaceae | 16 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (MAT 164) | Euphorbiaceae | 15 | 7 | AM | C | G |
| Myristica fragrans Houtt. | Myristicaceae | 15 | 6 | AS | C | G/I |
| Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. (MAT 509) | Lamiaceae | 15 | 5 | AS | C | G |
| Ocotea guianensis Aubl. (MAT 453) | Lauraceae | 15 | 5 | AM | W | R |
| Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers. (MAT 503) | Verbenaceae | 15 | 6 | AM | W | R |
| Pimenta racemosa (Mill.) J.W.Moore (MAT 175) | Myrtaceae | 15 | 4 | AM | C | G/I |
| Sambucus simpsonii Rehder (MAT 225) | Adoxaceae | 15 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill. (MAT 491) | Cactaceae | 14 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Fraxinus ornus L. | Oleaceae | 13 | 2 | EU | W | I |
| Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. (MAT 157) | Lamiaceae | 13 | 7 | AS | C | G |
| Piper peltatum L. (MAT 169) | Piperaceae | 13 | 6 | AM | W | R |
| Allium cepa L. | Amaryllidaceae | 12 | 6 | AS | C | G/I |
| Dalbergia monetaria L.f. (MAT 281) | Fabaceae | 12 | 7 | AM | W | R |
| Hyptis atrorubens Poit. (MAT 138) | Lamiaceae | 12 | 4 | AM | W | R |
| Lippia micromera Schauer (MAT 490) | Verbenaceae | 12 | 9 | AM | C | G |
| Mimosa pudica L. (MAT 266) | Fabaceae | 12 | 5 | AM | W | R |
| Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry (MAT 233) | Bignoniaceae | 12 | 4 | AM | W | F |
| Mentha spp. | Lamiaceae | 12 | 9 | AS | C | G |
| Nicotiana tabacum L. | Solanaceae | 12 | 8 | AM | C | G |
| Persea americana Mill. | Lauraceae | 12 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) Verl. (MAT 166) | Bignoniaceae | 11 | 5 | AM | W/C | G/F |
| Euterpe oleracea Mart. | Arecaceae | 11 | 6 | AM | W | F |
| Plectranthus barbatus var. grandis (L.H.Cramer) Lukhoba & A.J.Paton | Lamiaceae | 11 | 6 | AS | C | G |
| Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen (MAT 493) | Amaranthaceae | 11 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Sida glomerata Cav. (MAT 155) | Malvaceae | 11 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Spondias mombin L. | Anacardiaceae | 11 | 6 | AM | W/D | F/G |
| Saccharum officinarum L. | Poaceae | 11 | 6 | AS | C | G |
| Averrhoa bilimbi L. | Oxalidaceae | 10 | 5 | AS | C | G |
| Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl | Lauraceae | 10 | 4 | AS | C | I |
| Cassia fistula L. (MAT 489) | Fabaceae | 10 | 3 | AS | C | G |
| Cannabis sativa L. (MAT 125) | Cannabaceae | 10 | 5 | AS | C | G/I |
| Euphorbia thymifolia L. (MAT 243) | Euphorbiaceae | 10 | 5 | AM | W | R |
| Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze (MAT 140) | Lamiaceae | 10 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Pogostemon heyneanus Benth. (MAT 152) | Lamiaceae | 10 | 3 | AS | C | G |
| Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry | Myrtaceae | 10 | 5 | AS | C | G |
| Mikania congesta DC. (MAT 186) | Asteraceae | 9 | 5 | AM | W | R |
| Spondias dulcis Parkinson | Anacardiaceae | 9 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) G. Nicholson (MAT 317) | Bignoniaceae | 9 | 6 | AM | W | F |
| Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench | Malvaceae | 8 | 3 | AF | C | G |
| Bixa orellana L. | Bixaceae | 8 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Vernonia condensata Baker (MAT 188) | Asteraceae | 8 | 5 | AM | W | F |
| Capsicum annuum L. | Solanaceae | 8 | 7 | AM | C | G |
| Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A.Chev. (MAT 179) | Asparagaceae | 8 | 4 | AS | C | G |
| Eugenia uniflora L. (MAT 488) | Myrtaceae | 8 | 2 | AM | C | G |
| Hymenaea courbaril L. | Fabaceae | 8 | 4 | AM | W | F |
| Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand (MAT 229) | Burseraceae | 8 | 4 | AM | W | F |
| Pilea microphylla L. (MAT 494) | Urticaceae | 8 | 2 | AM | W | G |
| Terminalia catappa L. (MAT 504) | Combretaceae | 8 | 5 | AS | W/C | G/R |
| Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg | Moraceae | 7 | 4 | AS | C | G |
| Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze (MAT 289) | Amaranthaceae | 7 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Elephantopus mollis Kunth (MAT 132) | Asteraceae | 7 | 4 | AM | W | R |
| Justicia secunda Vahl (MAT 487) | Acanthaceae | 7 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew (MAT 154) | Urticaceae | 7 | 3 | AM | W | R/G |
| Neurolaena lobata (L.) Cass. | Asteraceae | 7 | 3 | AM | C | I |
| Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss | Apiaceae | 7 | 4 | EU | C | G |
| Passiflora edulis Sims | Passifloraceae | 7 | 6 | AM | C | G |
| Cyperus odoratus L. (MAT 248) | Cyperaceae | 7 | 3 | AM | C | G/R |
| Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (MAT 226) | Asteraceae | 7 | 3 | AM | C | G/R |
| Begonia glabra Aubl. (MAT 297) | Begoniaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | W/D | F/G |
| Campomanesia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb. | Myrtaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don (MAT 159) | Melastomataceae | 6 | 4 | AM | W | R |
| Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (MAT 508) | Fabaceae | 6 | 2 | AF | C | G |
| Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don | Apocynaceae | 6 | 3 | AF | C | G |
| Coutoubea spicata Aubl. (MAT 127) | Gentianaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Cucurbita maxima Duchesne | Cucurbitaceae | 6 | 2 | AM | C | G |
| Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd. | Fabaceae | 6 | 2 | AM | W | F |
| Euphorbia hirta L. (MAT 495) | Euphorbiaceae | 6 | 3 | AS | W | F/I |
| Ferula assa-foetida L. | Apiaceae | 6 | 3 | AF | C | I |
| Inga spp. | Fabaceae | 6 | 2 | AM | C | G |
| Moringa oleifera Lam. (MAT 507) | Moringaceae | 6 | 5 | AS | C | G |
| Polyscias scutellaria (Burm.f.) Fosberg (MAT 505) | Araliaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Renealmia sp. | Zingiberaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | W/D | F/G |
| Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry (MAT 137) | Myrtaceae | 6 | 3 | AS | C | G |
| Theobroma cacao L. | Malvaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Zea mays L. | Poaceae | 6 | 3 | AM | C | G |
| Ageratum conyzoides L. (MAT 231) | Asteraceae | 5 | 2 | AM | W | R |
| Aframomum melegueta K. Schum. (MAT 334) | Zingiberaceae | 5 | 2 | AF | C | I |
| Artemisia spp. | Asteraceae | 5 | 3 | EU | C | G |
| Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth (MAT 275) | Asteraceae | 5 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (MAT 486) | Fabaceae | 5 | 2 | AF | C | G |
| Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. (MAT 300) | Boraginaceae | 5 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Commelina erecta L. (MAT 310) | Commelinaceae | 5 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Coffea spp. | Rubiaceae | 5 | 3 | AF | C | I |
| Tanaecium bilabiatum (Sprague) L.G. Lohmann | Bignoniacée | 5 | 2 | AM | W | F |
| Malpighia emarginata DC (MAT 496). | Malpighiaceae | 5 | 4 | AM | C | G |
| Plantago major L. (MAT 506) | Plantaginaceae | 5 | 2 | EU | C | G |
| Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f. | Simaroubaceae | 5 | 4 | AM | C | F |
| Rolandra fruticosa (L.) Kuntze (MAT 203) | Asteraceae | 5 | 3 | AM | W | R |
| Struchium sparganophorum (L.) Kuntze (MAT 101) | Asteraceae | 5 | 2 | AS | C | G |
| Averrhoa carambola L. | Oxalidaceae | 5 | 1 | AS | C | G |
“Origin”: AS Asia, AM America, AF Africa, EU Europe, CO cosmopolitan. “Status”: C cultivated, W wild, P protected, D domesticated. “Habitat”: G garden, F forest, R ruderal, I imported