Table 1.
Contribution of regenerative populations to epithelial homeostasis and repair
| Contribution to epithelial lineages | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarker | Model | Homeostasis | Regeneration | Injury Type | Citation | |
| LGR5 |
Lgr5EGFP-IRES-CreER; Rosa26lsl.tdTom or Rosa26lsl.YFP |
Tracing Period | 7 Days | 4–7 Days | 12 Gy Whole body IR | 30 |
| Trace frequency | ~95% C/V Units | Eradicated | ||||
| Trace Type | Ribbons | ------------- | ||||
| BMI1 |
Bmi1CreER; Rosa26lsl.YFP |
Tracing Period | 7 Days | 7 Days | 12 Gy Whole body IR | 30 |
| Trace frequency | ~18% C/V Units | ‘more extensive’ | ||||
| Trace Type | Ribbons | Ribbons | ||||
| BMI1 | Bmi1CreER;Rosa26R | Tracing Period | 6 Days | 6 Days | Diptheria Toxin ablation of Lgr5* ISCs | 6 |
| Trace frequency | ~3% fully labeled crypts | ~15-fold increase | ||||
| Trace Type | Labeled crypts | Labeled Crypts | ||||
| HOPX |
HopxCreER; Rosa26lsl.tdTom or Rosa26R |
Tracing Period | 2 Months | 4 Days | 12 Gy Whole body IR | 55,60,61 |
| Trace frequency | Rare | Broad contribution | ||||
| Trace Type | Ribbons | Labeled cells in all C/V units | ||||
| PROX1 |
Prox1CreER; Rosa26lsl.tdTom |
Tracing Period | 2–395 Days | 7 Days | 12 Gy Whole body IR | 93 |
| Trace frequency | ~5% C/V Units | “Similar to Bm/130” | ||||
| Trace Type | Ribbons by 395 days | Ribbons and large cell-clusters | ||||
| ALPI | AlpiCreER;Rosa26R | Tracing Period | 14 Days | 14 Days | Diptheria Toxin ablation of Lgr5* ISCs | 99 |
| Trace frequency | None | 500–900 per mouse | ||||
| Trace Type | None in crypts | Ribbons | ||||
| DLL1 |
Dll1GFP-IRES-CreER; Rosa26R |
Tracing Period | 28 Days | 14 Days | 6 Gy Whole body IR | 75 |
| Trace frequency | Frequently Paneth Cells | ~100 crypts per duodenum | ||||
| Trace Type | Paneth cells only | Ribbons | ||||
| MEX3A |
Mex3atdTOM-P2A-CreER; Rosa26mTmG |
Tracing Period | 7–14 Days | 7–14 Days | 5-fluorouracil | 120 |
| Trace frequency | Not reported | Not reported | ||||
| Trace Type | Varies, eventual ribbons | More rapid clone and ribbon formation | ||||
Note: Tabulation of reported lineage tracing behaviors from intestinal epithelial cell populations proposed to contribute to homeostasis and/or regeneration after injury or cell ablation interventions. Values are approximations in some cases. C/V units refers to “crypt-villus” units, which are ribbon-like stripes of lineage labeled cells extending from individual crypt-bases upward toward the tips of villi.