Table 4.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Developing ED Among Lung Cancer Patients
| Clinical Variables | IRR (95% CI) | p value | aIRR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year, ref: ≥75) | ||||
| 40–54 | 3.69 (1.75–7.80) | 0.001* | 5.44 (2.25–13.15) | <0.001* |
| 55–64 | 2.82 (1.35–5.89) | 0.006* | 3.62 (1.61–8.17) | 0.002* |
| 65–74 | 1.25 (0.57–2.75) | 0.576 | 1.51 (0.67–3.39) | 0.316 |
| Income level (ref: 0) | ||||
| 1~15,840 | 0.98 (0.50–1.92) | 0.946 | 1.03 (0.52–2.06) | 0.930 |
| 15,841~25,000 | 1.11 (0.61–2.02) | 0.726 | 1.19 (0.63–2.25) | 0.599 |
| ≥25,000 | 1.73 (0.97–3.11) | 0.065 | 0.85 (0.44–1.63) | 0.616 |
| Urbanization (ref: IV) | ||||
| I | 1.38 (0.67–2.87) | 0.382 | 1.43 (0.65–3.13) | 0.375 |
| II | 0.99 (0.48–2.04) | 0.969 | 1.04 (0.48–2.23) | 0.923 |
| III | 0.49 (0.19–1.27) | 0.142 | 0.50 (0.19–1.31) | 0.157 |
| Comorbidities (ref: No) | ||||
| CAD | 0.90 (0.58–1.40) | 0.634 | 0.99 (0.60–1.63) | 0.971 |
| Stroke | 0.71 (0.42–1.19) | 0.194 | 0.83 (0.47–1.48) | 0.530 |
| COPD | 0.93 (0.61–1.41) | 0.728 | 1.40 (0.85–2.30) | 0.188 |
| Kidney disease | 0.63 (0.34–1.16) | 0.137 | 0.82 (0.44–1.55) | 0.547 |
| Hypertension | 0.86 (0.56–1.30) | 0.469 | 1.42 (0.81–2.47) | 0.217 |
| Arthritis | 1.05 (0.70–1.58) | 0.818 | 1.36 (0.85–2.15) | 0.196 |
| PAD | 0.56 (0.18–1.77) | 0.324 | 0.78 (0.24–2.54) | 0.682 |
| Asthma | 0.97 (0.61–1.54) | 0.906 | 1.08 (0.66–1.79) | 0.752 |
| Diabetes | 1.05 (0.68–1.63) | 0.824 | 1.12 (0.69–1.80) | 0.645 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.50 (1.00–2.27) | 0.052 | 1.27 (0.80–2.00) | 0.307 |
| Depression | 1.80 (1.06–3.05) | 0.029* | 1.62 (0.90–2.92) | 0.107 |
| Anxiety | 2.50 (1.62–3.86) | <0.001* | 2.99 (1.81–4.94) | <0.001* |
| Smoking-related disorder | 1.05 (0.68–1.64) | 0.816 | 1.22 (0.74–2.00) | 0.432 |
| Obesity | 1.75 (0.24–12.58) | 0.577 | 1.41 (0.19–10.39) | 0.737 |
| Medication (ref: 0–27 days) | ||||
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 0.56 (0.37–0.85) | 0.006* | 0.59 (0.37–0.95) | 0.028* |
| Anti-hypertension drugs | 0.61 (0.40–0.92) | 0.020* | 0.52 (0.30–0.90) | 0.020* |
| Benzodiazepines | 0.74 (0.48–1.13) | 0.159 | 0.60 (0.36–0.98) | 0.043* |
| Cancer related disease/treatment | ||||
| CT/RT (ref: without CT/RT) | ||||
| CT+RT | 0.33 (0.16–0.67) | 0.002* | 0.40 (0.19–0.84) | 0.015* |
| CT only | 0.59 (0.34–1.01) | 0.053 | 0.65 (0.38–1.14) | 0.133 |
| RT only | 0.65 (0.30–1.42) | 0.276 | 0.72 (0.33–1.59) | 0.416 |
| EGFR-TKI (ref: non-user) | 0.24 (0.08–0.75) | 0.014* | 0.33 (0.10–1.08) | 0.067 |
Note: “*” denotes p < 0.05.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; CT, chemotherapy; ED, erectile dysfunction; EGFR-TKI, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor; NT$, New Taiwan Dollar; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; RT, radiotherapy; ref, reference.