Associations of COVID-19-Specific CD4 and CD8 T Cell Responses and Disease Severity
(A) Frequency of IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells in response to CD8A/B MP ICS, versus peak COVID-19 disease severity, acute donors (n = 11 samples). Dotted line indicates LOD.
(B–D) Associations between peak COVID-19 disease severity and number per million PBMC of (B) AIM+ CD8+ T cells (CD69+4-1BB+CD8+), (C) AIM+ CD4+ T cells (OX40+surfaceCD40L+), or (D) AIM+ cTFH cells (OX40+CD40L+CXCR5+CD4+) across all SARS-CoV-2 peptide-specific MPs, acute samples (n = 26), and convalescent samples (n = 15).
(E and F) Frequency of (E) CXCR3-CCR6+ S-specific (AIM+) CD4+ T cells and (F) CXCR5+CXCR3-CCR6+ S-specific (AIM+) cTFH CD4+ T cells versus peak disease severity, acute samples (n = 26), and convalescent samples (n = 15). Dotted line denotes LOD. Statistics for acute COVID-19 cases are in red; statistics for all COVID-19 cases (convalescent and acute) are in black. See also Figure S7 and Data S1.