Fig. 5. Effect of HF intake on apoptosis, inflammation, mitochondrial apoptosis, and ER proteins including IP3Rs, SERCA2a, and RyR2 levels in hearts from WT and FUNDC1^−/− mice.

(A) Representative 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (nucleus) and TUNEL (apoptosis) staining in four experimental groups (arrowheads denote apoptosis). (B) Pooled data of TUNEL apoptosis. (C) Mitochondrial fraction of Bax. (D) Cytosolic fraction of Bax. (E) Immunofluorescence detection of IL-1β. (F) Mitochondrial Bcl2. (G) IP3R1. (H) IP3R2. (I) IP3R3. (J) SERCA2a [sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase 2a]. (K) Pan and phosphorylated RyR2. Insets: Representative immunoblots depicting levels of Bax, Bcl2, IP3Rs, SERCA2a, and pan and phosphorylated RyR2 using respective antibodies. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Mean ± SEM, n = 8 to 9 mice per group, *P < 0.05 between indicated groups.