Table 3:
Adjusted* Odds of the bereaved being prescribed an anti-depressant during the 12 months before and after the death of a loved one
| Characteristic Total N=523,146 |
Female Partners Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
Male Partners Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
Adult Children Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics of Bereaved | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male | - | - | Ref |
| Female | - | - | 1.47 (1.42–1.52) |
| Age groups | |||
| 18 — 49 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 50 — 59 | 0.82 (0.73–0.92) | 0.98 (0.80–1.20) | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) |
| 60 — 69 | 0.57 (0.50–0.64) | 0.80 (0.65–0.97) | 0.67 (0.61–0.73) |
| 70 — 79 | 0.70 (0.62–0.79) | 0.89 (0.72–1.09) | 0.49 (0.34–0.68) |
| 80 --- 89 | 0.89 (0.78–1.01) | 1.20 (0.98–1.48) | - |
| 90+ | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) | 1.27 (1.01–1.61) | - |
| Employment Status | |||
| Employed | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Unemployed | 2.09 (1.65–2.65) | 2.02 (1.47–2.77) | 2.46 (2.31–2.62) |
| Pensioner | 1.37 (1.25–1.50) | 1.47 (1.29–1.66) | 1.77 (1.70–1.85) |
| Missing | 0.75 (0.68–0.84) | 0.65 (0.55–0.77) | 1.99 (1.56–2.52) |
| Education | |||
| Primary school | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Skilled Worker | 0.94 (0.89–0.99) | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 0.86 (0.83–0.90) |
| Short theoretical (1–2 years) | 0.76 (0.65–0.90) | 1.03 (0.87–1.24) | 0.63 (0.58–0.68) |
| Long theoretical (3–4 years) | 0.77 (0.71–0.84) | 0.89 (0.79–1.01) | 0.68 (0.64–0.72) |
| Academic (5+ years) | 0.69 (0.60–0.80) | 0.84 (0.73–0.98) | 0.52 (0.49–0.56) |
| Charlson Comorbidity index | |||
| 0 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 1–2 | 1.41 (1.34–1.48) | 1.56 (1.45–1.68) | 1.65 (1.58–1.73) |
| 3–4 | 1.74 (1.60–1.90) | 1.90 (1.72–2.10) | 1.96 (1.72–2.23) |
| 5+ | 2.13 (1.88–2.41) | 2.84 (2.50–3.23) | 3.03 (2.64–3.47) |
| Characteristics of Decedents | |||
| Age Group | |||
| 18 — 49 | - | - | Ref |
| 50 — 59 | - | - | 1.09 (0.95–1.26 |
| 60 — 69 | - | - | 0.99 (0.87–1.14) |
| 70 — 79 | - | - | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) |
| 80 --- 89 | - | - | 0.74 (0.64–0.85) |
| 90+ | - | - | 0.72 (0.62–0.84) |
| Underlying cause of death | |||
| Cancer | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Heart disease | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 1.00 (0.90–1.10) | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) |
| Cerebrovascular Disease |
0.95 (0.86–1.05) | 0.96 (0.83–1.09) | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) |
| COPD | 0.98 (0.89–1.08) | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | 1.08 (1.01–1.15) |
| Dementia | 1.03 (0.90–1.17) | 1.02 (0.86–1.21) | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) |
| Other | 0.91 (0.86–0.97) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) |
| Charlson Comorbidity index | |||
| 0 | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 1–2 | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) |
| 3–4 | 0.98 (0.90–1.07) | 0.97 (0.86–1.09) | 1.07 (1.00–1.13) |
| 5+ | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 0.96 (0.84–1.08) | 1.04 (0.98–1.10) |
| Dementia diagnosis | |||
| No Dementia Diagnosis |
Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Dementia Diagnosis |
0.99 (0.90–1.08) | 1.07 (0.95–1.22) | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) |
| Receipt of in home municipality services last month of life | 1.09 (1.04–1.14) | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 1.06 (1.03–1.10) |
IQR - interquartile range; COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
*
Also adjusted for months before and after death (−12 to 12), year of death, whether the bereaved children had siblings, the region of the country where the decedent lived, and whether or not the partners were married to the decedent