Table 3.

Experienced and novice observer agreement for the direct findings of pulmonary embolism found on contrast enhanced pulmonary magnetic resonance angiography.

Direct Finding of PE at CE-MRA	Consensus Number of findings	Reader Prevalence time 1, time 2	N	kappa	95 % C.I.	P value
Non-occlusive, R1	12	19,20	56	0.88	0.75−1.00	<0.0001
Non-occlusive, R2	12	14,16	56	0.46	0.19−0.72	0.0006
Non-occlusive, Interobserver	12		56	0.36	0.10−0.62	0.0056
Occlusive, R1	43	36,35	56	0.88	0.76−1.00	<0.0001
Occlusive, R2	43	38,39	56	0.54	0.31−0.78	<0.0001
Occlusive, Interobserver	43		56	0.44	0.20−0.69	0.0009
Vessel Cutoff, R1	42	36,33	56	0.44	0.20−0.68	0.001
Vessel Cutoff, R2	42	31,39	56	0.48	0.25−0.70	0.0002
Vessel Cutoff, Interobserver	42		56	0.52	0.30−0.74	0.0001
Double Bronchus, R1	26	24,27	56	0.53	0.31−0.75	0.0001
Double Bronchus, R2	26	10,13	56	0.77	0.51−0.95	<0.0001
Double Bronchus, Interobserver	26		56	0.45	0.24−0.65	0.0001
Central Dot, R1	34	21,16	56	0.32	0.07−0.58	0.01
Central Dot, R2	34	32,25	56	0.54	0.33−0.75	<0.005
Central Dot, Interobserver	34		56	0.34	0.12−0.57	<0.0001
Ghost Vessel, R1	31	23,17	55	0.54	0.31−0.76	<0.0001
Ghost Vessel, R2	31	34,36	55	0.53	0.39−0.83	<0.0001
Ghost Vessel, Interobserver	31		55	0.27	0.27−0.69	0.0001
Bright clot, R1	18	16,13	53	0.67	0.45−0.89	<0.0001
Bright clot, R2	18	12,18	53	0.64	0.41−0.86	<0.0001
Bright clot, Interobserver	18		53	0.51	0.26−0.78	0.0001
Filling Defect on FS-SGRE, R1	28	28,31	34	0.62	0.24−1.00	0.0001
Filling Defect on FS-SGRE, R2	28	28,28	34	0.60	0.24−0.95	0.0005
Filling Defect, Interobserver	28		34	0.19	−0.20−0.58	0.3

Abbreviations: PE- pulmonary embolism, CE-MRA- contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, C.I.- confidence interval,R1- reader 1 with 2 years of experience reading CE-MRA, R2- reader 2 with one month of experience reading CE-MRA. FS-SGRE – Fat saturated spoiled gradient echo sequence.