Table 5.
Meta-analyses assessing the performance of various methods for diagnosing TBM.
| Methods | References | TBM/non-TBM patients | Included studies | AUC (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PLR (95% CI) | NLR (95% CI) | DOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GeneXpert MTB/RIF | Kohli et al. (54) | 433/3,341 | 29 | NA | 0.71 (0.60–0.80) | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | NA | NA | NA |
| Chen et al. (53) | 884/3,211 | 14 | 0.76 (NA) | 0.63 (0.59–0.66) | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 20.9 (12.7–52.8) | 0.40 (0.32–0.50) | 71.49 (32.64–156.56) | |
| GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra | Donovan et al. (55) | 128/321 | 4 | NA | 0.81 (0.73–0.88) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | NA | NA | NA |
| ADA | Xu et al. (56) | 356/1,083 | 10 | 0.92 (NA) | 0.79 (0.75–0.83) | 0.91 (0.89–0.93) | 6.85 (4.11–11.41) | 0.29 (0.19–0.44) | 26.93 (12.73–56.97) |
| Tuon et al. (57) | 380/712 | 13 | 0.91 (NA) | 0.74 (0.69–0.79) | 0.87 (0.84–0.89) | 5.61 (3.10–10.30) | 0.30 (0.18–0.47) | 24.22 (9.23–63.64) | |
| Pormohammad et al. (11) | 741/1,169 | 20 | 0.96 (NA) | 0.89 (0.84–0.92) | 0.91 (0.87–0.93) | 9.4 (7–12.8) | 0.12 (0.09–0.17) | 77 (45–132) | |
| PB T-SPOT | Luo et al., this study | 989/1,323 | 25 | 0.83 (0.80–0.86) | 0.78 (0.76–0.81) | 0.68 (0.66–0.71) | 2.80 (2.29–3.42) | 0.32 (0.27–0.38) | 10.08 (7.21–14.08) |
| CSF T-SPOT | Luo et al., this study | 538/714 | 16 | 0.92 (0.89–0.94) | 0.76 (0.72–0.80) | 0.88 (0.85–0.90) | 5.92 (4.25–8.25) | 0.28 (0.21–0.39) | 29.05 (16.40–51.45) |
ADA, adenosine deaminase; PB, peripheral blood; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; TBM, tuberculous meningitis; AUC, area under the curve; PLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio; DOR, diagnostic odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable.