Table 2.
Growth assessment of autistic and typically developing children in Chongqing and Hainan.
| Growth Assessment | ASD-Chongqing | TD-Chongqing | ASD-Hainan | TD-Hainan | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZHA, mean ± SD | −0.1 ± 1.28 | −0.07 ± 1.1 | −0.17 ± 1.33 | −0.23 ± 0.98 | 0.680 | ||||
| ZWA, mean ± SD | 0.14 ± 1.27 | 0.22 ± 1.18 | 0.11 ± 1.33 | 0.15 ± 1.03 | 0.834 | ||||
| ZBMIA, mean ± SD | 0.35 ± 1.25 | 0.48 ± 1.08 | 0.45 ± 1.16 | 0.2 ± 1.11 | 0.202 | ||||
| ZHCA, mean ± SD | −0.2 ± 1.51 | 0.21 ± 1.06a** | −0.25 ± 1.07 | −0.13 ± 0.94b** | <0.001 | ||||
| Short stature (ZHA < −2), %(n) | 7.64 | (34) | 5.97 | (12) | 2.39 | (10) | 2.97 | (3) | 0.059 |
| Wasting (ZBMIA < −2), %(n) | 1.12 | (5) | 1 | (2) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0.223a |
| Overweight (ZBMIA > 2), %(n) | 11.01 | (49) | 11.44 | (23) | 6.14 | (18) | 6.93 | (7) | 0.078 |
| Undersized head circumference (ZHCA < −2), %(n) | 10.34 | (46) | 3.48 | (7)a** | 8.19 | (24) | 1.98 | (2)b* | 0.002 |
| Oversized head circumference (ZHCA > 2), %(n) | 6.52 | (29) | 1 | (2)a** | 3.41 | (10) | 0.99 | (1) | 0.002 |
Data shown as (mean ± SD) or percentage (number). One-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used in the analysis.
a
Significant difference of ZHCA and percentage of abnormal head circumference size between ASD children and TD children in Chongqing.
b
Significant difference of ZHCA between ASD children and TD children in Hainan. P-value was adjusted in multiple comparisons by the Bonferroni method.
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01.
ASD, autism spectrum disorder, TD, typically developing.