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. 2020 Sep 16;10:15206. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-71817-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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In vivo molecular dual-probe MRI and ex vivo assessment in controls. (A1) 3D visualization of the suprarenal abdominal aorta (AA) with the renal arteries (rA) of a male, sham-operated ApoE^−/− mouse after 4 weeks of saline infusion. The blue line indicates the orientation of subsequently performed transverse MRI sequences and the corresponding histological sections. Iron-oxide MRI (A2) and collagen-targeted MRI (A3) show only slight collagen-specific enhancement, while inflammation-associated signal voids are absent. For better visualization of in vivo results, iron oxide MRI and collagen-targeted MRI were fused (A2/A3), confirming the slight enhancement of the collagen-targeted probe without any negative signal from the inflammation-specific probe. Results of in vivo MR imaging were confirmed by ex vivo histology: Picrosirius red stain (A4) and Masson’s trichrome stain (A5), both for collagen fibers, show a regular deposition of collagen especially in the adventitial tissue, while the Perls’ stain does not reveal any deposition of inflammation-related iron (A6). (A7) shows the elastic tissue. AA suprarenal abdominal aorta, rA right renal artery, ⁺Vascular lumen in arterial TOF.