FIGURE 3.

G9a and GLP methyltransferases antagonistically regulate substrate transcription factors. G9a and G9a-like protein (GLP) facilitate methylation of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and tumor suppressor protein p53, whereas forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta (C/EBPβ) methylation have only been shown to occur by G9a. An asterisk denotes methylation events that may participate in a methylation-acetylation switch at the same residue (based upon known acetylation events of the same protein, or in the case of MEF2D an acetylation event in conserved regions on other MEF2 family members).