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. 2020 Sep 8;2020:3129864. doi: 10.1155/2020/3129864

Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of studied patients with VA-ECMO.

Characteristics All patients (n = 106) Survivors (n = 46, 43.4%) Nonsurvivors (n = 60, 56.6%) p value
Age 40.2 ± 14.4 39 ± 10.9 41.1 ± 16.6 0.73
Sex
 Males 74 (69.8) 31 (67.4) 43 (71.7) 0.61
 Females 32 (30.2) 15 (32.6) 17 (28.3)
BMI 26.5 ± 7 26.4 ± 6.6 26.6 ± 7.4 0.82
Diabetes mellitus 20 (18.9) 9 (19.6) 11 (18.3) 0.84
Systemic hypertension 34 (32.1) 14 (30.4) 20 (33.3) 0.75
CKD 21 (19.8) 2 (4.3) 19 (31.7) 0.001
Pre-ECMO AF 36 (34) 9 (19.6) 27 (45) 0.006
Anticoagulants intake 39 (36.8) 10 (21.7) 29 (48.3) 0.005
LVEF% 29.5 ± 13.8 29.2 ± 13.9 29.6 ± 13.9 0.73
Heart disease
 Dilated cardiomyopathy 29 (27.4) 14 (30.4) 15 (25) 0.09
 Ischemic cardiomyopathy 26 (24.5) 15 (32.6) 11 (18.3)
 Valvular heart disease 26 (24.5) 7 (15.2) 19 (31.7)
 ACHD 5 (4.7) 1 (2.2) 4 (6.7)
 Others 20 (18.9) 9 (19.6) 11 (18.3)
Cardiac surgery 61 (57.5) 21 (45.7) 40 (66.7) 0.03
Types of surgery
 CABG 3 (4.9) 2(9.5) 1(2.5) 0.16
 Bentall operation 9 (14.7) 3(14.3) 6 (15)
 Valve surgery 22(36.1) 8(38.1) 14(35)
 CABG + valve surgery 10 (16.4) 3(14.3) 7(17.5)
 Heart transplantation 15 (24.6) 5(23.8) 10 (25)
 Pulmonary endarterectomy 2 (3.3) 0 2 (5)
CPB time (minutes) 231.7 ± 93.5 213.4 ± 83.3 239.9 ± 97.6 0.43
Aortic cross clamping (minutes) 147.1 ± 53 144.3 ± 51.7 148.6 ± 54.6 0.85
IABP 21 (19.8) 12 (26.1) 9 (15) 0.15
Type of ECMO
 Central 46 (43.4) 13 (28.3) 33 (55) 0.006
 Peripheral 60 (56.6) 33 (71.7) 27 (45)
ECMO days 9.7 ± 7.2 10.1 ± 6.6 9.5 ± 7.7 0.21
Upgrading to LVAD 15 (14.2) 9(19.6) 6(10) 0.03
ICU days 16.5 (10–32) 20 (14–57) 14 (5.5–30.5) 0.002
Post-ICU days 16 (10–25) 16 (10–25) 10 (4–16) 0.23
Ventilator days 10.5 (6–26) 9 (8–26) 13.5 (5–25.5) 0.95
AKI 73 (68.9) 21 (45.7) 52 (86.7) <0.001
Haemodialysis 50 (47.2) 9 (19.6) 41 (68.3) <0.001
Gastrointestinal bleeding 24(22.6) 6 (13) 18 (30) 0.039
Ischemic stroke 13 (12.3) 3 (6.5) 10 (16.7) 0.11
Intracerebral haemorrhage 13 (12.3) 1 (2.2) 12 (20) 0.006

Data are presented mean ± SD, median (IQR), or N (%).