Table 4.
Biosignal averages per group for the virtual reality/mixed reality educational episode.
| Group | Amplitude theta/beta power ratio (Cz), mean (SD) | Amplitude alpha (Cz), mean (SD), μV | HRa, mean (SD), bpm | EDAb, mean (SD), μS | |||||
|
|
VPc | MRd | VP | MR | VP | MR | VP | MR | |
| Students | 3.49 (0.82) | 3.23 (0.94) | 7.77 (1.62) | 8.42 (2.56) | 87 (13) | 86 (12) | 1.198 (1.467) | 4.097 (2.79) | |
| Neurosurgeons | 2.59 (0.96) | 2.90 (1.78) | 7.03 (2.19) | 7.15 (1.86) | 81 (7) | 83 (7) | 1.890 (2.269) | 5.407 (5.391) | |
| Postgraduates | 2.33 (0.26) | 2.56 (0.62) | 11.84 (6.15) | 9.55 (3.12) | 81 (7) | 77 (6) | 0.739 (0.509) | 2.498 (1.72) | |
aHR: heart rate.
bEDA: electrodermal activity.
cVP: virtual patient.
dMR: mixed reality.