Table 2.
Crude and adjusted event rates among patients given BB and ACEI/ARB at discharge.
| Adverse events | BB | ACEI/ARB | BB and ACEI/ARB | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 13,215) | No (n = 1,858) | Yes (n = 11,179) | No (n = 3,894) | BB + ACEI/ARB (n = 10,063) | BB only (n = 3,152) | ACEI/ARB only (n = 1,116) | No BB + No ACEI/ARB (n = 742) | |
| MACE | ||||||||
| Crude event rates, n (%) | 1,418 (10.7) | 253 (13.6) | 1,206 (10.8) | 465 (11.9) | 1,065 (10.6) | 353 (11.2) | 141 (12.6) | 112 (15.1) |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.77 (0.68–0.89) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.89 (0.80–0.99) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.68 (0.56–0.82) | 0.72 (0.59–0.90) | 0.82 (0.64–1.05) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 0.80 (0.70–0.93) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.81–1.02) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.70 (0.57–0.86) | 0.74 (0.59–0.92) | 0.80 (0.62–1.05) | 1.00 (ref) |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||
| Crude event rates, n (%) | 421 (3.2) | 104 (5.6) | 359 (3.2) | 166 (4.3) | 305 (3.0) | 116 (3.7) | 54 (4.8) | 50 (6.7) |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.57 (0.46–0.71) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.75 (0.62–0.90) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.44 (0.33–0.60) | 0.54 (0.39–0.76) | 0.71 (0.48–1.04) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 0.69 (0.55–0.88) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.55 (0.40–0.77) | 0.64 (0.45–0.92) | 0.72 (0.47–1.10) | 1.00 (ref) |
| HF hospitalization | ||||||||
| Crude event rates, n (%) | 666 (5.0) | 108 (5.8) | 540 (4.8) | 234 (6.0) | 488 (4.9) | 178 (5.7) | 52 (4.7) | 56 (7.6) |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.86 (0.70–1.05) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.68–0.93) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.63 (0.48–0.83) | 0.74 (0.55–1.00) | 0.61 (0.42–0.89) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 0.84 (0.68–1.03) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.68–0.95) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.64 (0.48–0.86) | 0.76 (0.55–1.04) | 0.67 (0.45–0.99) | 1.00 (ref) |
| MI hospitalization | ||||||||
| Crude event rates, n (%) | 521 (3.9) | 79 (4.3) | 461 (4.1) | 139 (3.6) | 403 (4.0) | 118 (3.7) | 58 (5.2) | 21 (2.8) |
| Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | 0.92 (0.73–1.17) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.16 (0.96–1.40) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.42 (0.91–2.20) | 1.32 (0.83–2.11) | 1.85 (1.12–3.06) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 0.98 (0.76–1.28) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.20 (0.97–1.49) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.44 (0.89–2.33) | 1.27 (0.77–2.12) | 1.71 (0.99–2.96) | 1.00 (ref) |
ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, CI confidence interval, HF heart failure, HR hazard ratio, MI myocardial infarction.
aAdjusted for age, sex, race, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of hyperlipidemia, history of myocardial infarction/percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass graft, smoking status, Killip class on presentation, serum creatinine on presentation, LVEF < 50% during hospitalization.