TABLE 1.
Study level characteristics: NASH subjects without cirrhosis compared to other aetiologies of chronic liver disease without cirrhosis
| Reference | Year published | Years enrolled | Study design | NASH definition | Confounders adjusted for | ALD definition | NASH (%) | HCV (%) | ALD (%) | HBV (%) | Other/Not specified (%)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ertle et al42 | 2011 | 2007–2008 | Retrospective cross-sectional | Liver histology or cryptogenic liver disease in the presence of metabolic syndrome | Diabetes Obesity |
>2 drinks/day or >6 drinks daily on weekends for >5 years | 36.4 (n = 59) | 21.6 (n = 35) | 11.7 (n = 19) | 17.9 (n = 29) | 12.3 (n = 20) |
| Reddy et al29 | 2012 | 2000–2010 | Prospective cohort (median follow-up 50 mo) | Liver histology | Diabetes Obesity |
2 drinks per day | 24.3 (n = 52) | 75.7 (n =162) | — | — | |
| Tokushige et al9 | 2013 | 2006–2009 | Prospective cohort (5 year follow-up) | Expert clinical opinion | Age Gender |
N/A | 2.0 (n = 292) | Not presented | Not presented | Not presented | 98.0 (n = 14 238) |
| Schutte et al30 | 2014 | 1994–2013 | Retrospective cohort (median follow-up not described) | Ultrasound with steatosis in the absence of other liver disease | Age Diabetes Gender Obesity |
>70 g/day of alcohol or history of alcohol abuse in medical record | 6.5 (n = 43) | 3.2 (n = 21) | 15.1 (n =100) | 4.3 (n = 29) | 71.0 (n = 471) |
| Rim et al31 | 2014 | 2005–2012 | Cross-sectional | Expert clinical opinion | Not stated | N /A | 7.9 (n = 35) | — | — | 92.1 (n = 724) | — |
| Tateishi et al16 | 2015 | 1991–2010 | Prospective cohort (up to 20 years follow-up) | Expert clinical opinion | Age Diabetes Gender Obesity |
>80 g/day without another definitive aetiology | 11.2 (n = 590) | Not presented | 27.2 (N = 1423) | Not presented | 61.5 (n = 3217) |
| Mittal et al17 | 2015 | 2004–2011 | Retrospective cohort (up to 6 years follow-up) | Liver histology or cryptogenic liver disease in the presence of metabolic syndrome | Age Ethnicity |
>3 drinks a day, alcoholism/alcohol abuse in the medical record, enrolment in substance abuse program and/or history of alcoholic hepatitis | 8.0 (n = 120) | 67.5 (n = 1013) | 19.1 (n = 286) | 4.6 (n = 69) | 0.8 (n = 12) |
a
Includes any combination of hepatitis B, hepatitis C (if not captured separately), alcoholic liver disease (if not captured separately) autoimmune, hemochromatosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, Wilson’s disease, toxic liver disease.