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Schematic diagram of activation subclasses of RAS mutations. Switch 1 (SW1) in yellow and Switch 2 (SW2) in green. (a) KRASA146T exemplifies rapid nucleotide exchange mutants where RAS activity is elevated by increased efficiency of nucleotide exchange. (b) KRASG12D exemplifies GAP insensitive mutants where GAP-mediated regulatory hydrolysis is impaired. (c) KRASQ61H exemplifies RAS effector sequestration mutants where the affinity of KRAS for RAF kinase is enhanced
