Table 3.
Lifetime Criteria of Drug Use Disorder Following Early Life Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene-contaminated Drinking Water
| Outcome | Exposure Level | % Yes (n/N) | Crude | Adjusted* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | GEE RR (95% CI) | |||
| Any (> = 1) Criteria | Any | 26.2 (95/363) | 1.4 (1.0,1.8) | 1.4 (1.0,1.8) |
| > = median | 23.6 (43/182) | 1.2 (0.9,1.8) | 1.2 (0.8,1.7) | |
| > 0- < median | 28.7 (52/181) | 1.5 (1.1,2.1) | 1.5 (1.1,2.2) | |
| None | 19.2 (49/255) | Reference | Reference | |
| Number of Criteria | ||||
| One Criterion | Any | 12.4 (38/306) | 1.6 (0.9,2.8) | 1.6 (0.9,2.8) |
| > = median | 11.5 (18/157) | 1.5 (0.8,2.8) | 1.5 (0.8,2.7) | |
| > 0- < median | 13.4 (20/149) | 1.8 (1.0,3.2) | 1.8 (1.0,3.4) | |
| None | 7.6 (17/223) | Reference | Reference | |
| Two or More Criteria | Any | 17.7 (57/325) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.3 (0.9,2.0) |
| > = median | 15.2 (25/164) | 1.1 (0.7,1.8) | 1.1 (0.7,1.8) | |
| > 0- < median | 19.9 (32/161) | 1.5 (0.9,2.3) | 1.5 (0.9,2.4) | |
| None | 13.4 (32/238) | Reference | Reference | |
| Two to Three Criteria | Any | 6.9 (20/288) | 1.2 (0.6,2.3) | 0.9 (0.5,1.9) |
| > = median | 7.3 (11/150) | 1.2 (0.6,2.7) | 0.9 (0.4,2.0) | |
| > 0- < median | 6.5 (9/138) | 1.1 (0.5,2.5) | 1.0 (0.4,2.2) | |
| None | 5.9 (13/219) | Reference | Reference | |
| Four to Five Criteria | Any | 4.3 (12/280) | 1.5 (0.6,4.0) | 1.9 (0.7,5.1) |
| > = median | 2.8 (4/143) | 1.0 (0.3,3.4) | 1.4 (0.4,4.6) | |
| > 0- < median | 5.8 (8/137) | 2.1 (0.7,5.8) | 2.3 (0.8,6.9) | |
| None | 2.8 (6/212) | Reference | Reference | |
| Six or More Criteria | Any | 8.5 (25/293) | 1.4 (0.8,2.7) | 1.5 (0.8,3.0) |
| > = median | 6.7 (10/149) | 1.1 (0.5,2.5) | 1.2 (0.5,2.8) | |
| > 0- < median | 10.4 (15/144) | 1.8 (0.9,3.6) | 1.9 (0.9,4.0) | |
| None | 5.9 (13/219) | Reference | Reference | |
*Adjusted for subject’s age, father’s occupation, mother’s educational level