Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population
| OGTT‐based metabolic states | p‐value | HbA1c‐ and FPG‐based metabolic states | p‐value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abnormal glucose metabolism | Normal glucose metabolism | Abnormal glucose metabolism | Normal glucose metabolism | |||||
| Silent DM | Pre‐DM | Silent DM | Pre‐DM | |||||
| n = 68 | n = 132 | n = 788 | n = 33 | n = 217 | n = 738 | |||
| Age (years) | 63.9 ± 9.2 | 62.5 ± 9.8 | 61.3 ± 10.2 | .08 | 62.1 ± 8.1 | 63.1 ± 10.3 | 61.2 ± 10.1 | .07 |
| Mean | 53 (77.9) | 98 (74.2) | 623 (79.1) | .46 | 24 (72.7) | 179 (82.5) | 571 (77.4) | .20 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.5 ± 4.5 | 28.5 ± 3.8 | 27.0 ± 3.9 | <.001 | 28.5 ± 4.6 | 28.3 ± 4.1 | 27.0 ± 3.9 | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 29 (42.6) | 64 (48.5) | 301 (38.2) | .07 | 16 (48.5) | 89 (41.0) | 289 (39.2) | .52 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 136.2 ± 24.5 | 139.8 ± 24.8 | 133.6 ± 23.8 | .02 | 134.3 ± 21.8 | 134.8 ± 24.0 | 134.6 ± 24.2 | .99 |
| Hyper‐cholesterolemia | 36 (52.9) | 52 (39.4) | 331 (42.0) | .16 | 15 (45.5) | 96 (44.2) | 308 (41.7) | .76 |
| Current smoker | 23 (35.4) | 39 (30.5) | 230 (29.7) | .63 | 23 (35.4) | 68 (32.4) | 213 (29.3) | .57 |
| Family history of CAD | 31 (49.2) | 70 (54.7) | 398 (52.4) | .77 | 17 (56.7) | 109 (52.4) | 373 (52.3) | .90 |
| Previous MI | 18 (26.5) | 18 (13.6) | 127 (16.1) | .06 | 11 (33.3) | 47 (21.7) | 105 (14.2) | .001 |
| Previous PCI | 12 (17.6) | 24 (18.2) | 111 (14.1) | .38 | 7 (21.2) | 42 (19.4) | 98 (13.3) | .05 |
| Previous CABG | 8 (11.8) | 6 (4.5) | 46 (5.8) | .11 | 3 (9.1) | 17 (7.8) | 40 (5.4) | .32 |
| LVEF <30% | 0 | 0 | 6 (0.8) | .47 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 5 (0.7) | .84 |
| Renal insufficiencya | 4 (5.9) | 4 (3.0) | 13 (1.6) | .05 | 1 (3.0) | 7 (3.2) | 13 (1.8) | .39 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 14.8 ± 1.5 | 14.6 ± 1.7 | 14.5 ± 1.3 | .39 | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 14.5 ± 1.5 | 14.6 ± 1.4 | .47 |
| MI with systolic BP <90 mmHg | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 14 (1.8) | .39 | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 13 (1.8) | .52 |
| Clinical presentation | .66 | .97 | ||||||
| STEMI | 15 (22.1) | 42 (31.8) | 249 (31.6) | 11 (33.3) | 65 (30.0) | 230 (31.2) | ||
| Non‐STEMI | 12 (17.6) | 28 (21.2) | 147 (18.7) | 6 (18.2) | 40 (18.4) | 141 (19.1) | ||
| Unstable angina | 17 (25.0) | 26 (19.7) | 157 (19.9) | 8 (24.2) | 42 (19.4) | 150 (20.3) | ||
| Stable angina | 24 (35.3) | 36 (27.3) | 235 (29.8) | 8 (24.2) | 70 (32.3) | 217 (29.4) | ||
| Multivessel treatment | 16 (23.5) | 29 (22.0) | 139 (17.6) | .23 | 5 (15.2) | 45 (20.7) | 134 (18.2) | .60 |
| LAD | 30 (44.1) | 71 (53.8) | 404 (51.3) | .26 | 16 (48.5) | 100 (46.1) | 389 (52.7) | .22 |
| Total stent length/patient (mm) | 51.8 ± 34.2 | 43.8 ± 27.2 | 43.7 ± 30.0 | .04 | 48.6 ± 30.0 | 43.9 ± 30.0 | 44.2 ± 30.0 | .69 |
| Reference vessel diameter (mm)b | 2.5 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | .32 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | .81 |
Note: Data are n(%) or mean ± SD.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; Hb, hemoglobin; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NG, normal glucose metabolism; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance testing; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; Pre‐DM, pre‐diabetes; Silent DM, silent diabetes mellitus; STEMI, ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction.
Renal insufficiency defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 30 mL per minute per 1.73 m2 of body‐surface area or the need for dialysis.
Smallest angiographic reference vessel diameter per patient.