TABLE 3.
Overview of the epithelial glands in different arionoidea species
| Arion vulgaris | Arion ater (syn. Arion empiricorum) | Arion rufus & Arion vulgaris | Arion rufus | Limax ecarinatus (syn. Limax pseudoflavus) | Limax maximus | Lehmania poirieri | Meghimatium fruhstorferi | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (present study) | Barr (1927) | Wondrak (2012) | Wondrak (1967) | Chétail and Binot (1967) | Cook and Shirbhate (1983) | Herfs (1921) | Arcadi (1967) | Yamaguchi, Seo, and Furuta (2000) | |
| Lateral epithelium | 5 | 2 | n.d. | 1 | n.d. | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| A1l | Calcic | Mantle gland | Goblet‐shaped | Calcic | Basket cell complex | Round mucous | |||
| Positive to AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5 and TB pH 4.0 | Lime mucus | n.d. | Positive to PAS/AB pH 2.5, Alcian blue (pH 0.5/eosin), Alcian blue (pH 0.5)/Alcian yellow (pH 2.5)) | Lime mucus, keep skin moist | Positive to PAS | Positive to lectin WGA and SBA | |||
| A2l | Unicellular mucous | Clavate‐shaped | Mucous | Granular cell complex | Tubular | ||||
| Positive to AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5 and TB pH 4.0 | Mucus in general (weak acid fuchsin) | Positive to PAS, Sudan B | Not stained, used for locomotion | Positive to PAS, TB pH 4.0 | Positive to AB pH 2.5, lectin RCA | ||||
| A3l | Spatulate‐shaped | Acidophile | # | ||||||
| ‐ | Positive to PAS, Sudan B | Defence secretion | |||||||
| A4l | |||||||||
| Positive to AB pH 2.5 and TB pH 4.0 | |||||||||
| A5l | |||||||||
| Positive to AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5 and TBpH 4.0 | |||||||||
| Peripodial groove | 1 | 1 | 1 | n.d. | n.d. | 1 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| At | Peripodal | Anterior margin of mantle | Oval‐shaped | ||||||
| n.d. | n.d. | Alcian blue pH 4.0 | Positive to PAS | ||||||
| Ventral epithelium | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| A1v | Unicellular mucous | Pedal protein gland | Sole gland | Cell type I | Round‐shaped (locality: Sole, groove) | Mucous | Granular cell complex | Round mucous | |
| Positive to PAS/AB pH 1,0 and 2.5, TB pH 4.0 | Mucus in general (weak acid fuchsin) | Weak to PAS, lectin PNA, RCA, HPA | n.d. | Positive to PAS, TB pH 4.5, Sudan B | Positive to PAS/AB pH 2.5 | Not stained, used for locomotion | Positive to PAS, TB pH 4.0 | Lectin WGA and SBA | |
| A2v | Pigmentary | Ventral head surface | Lateral gand | Cell type II | Oval‐shaped (sole, head, flank) | Tubular | |||
| Positive to PAS/AB pH 1,0 and 2.5, TB pH 4.0 | Black pigments | Weak to PAS, lectin RCA, HPA | n.d. | Positive to PAS, TB pH 4.5 | Positive to PAS/AB pH 2.5 | Positive to AB pH 2.5, lectin RCA) | |||
| A3v | Cell type IIIa | Oval‐shaped (median foot) | |||||||
| Positive to PAS/AB pH 1,0 and 2.5, TB pH 4.0 | Positive to PAS, Sudan B | Positive to AB pH 2.5 | |||||||
| A4v | Cell type IIIb | Polygonal‐shaped (inferior foot) | |||||||
| Positive to PAS/AB pH 1,0 and 2.5, TB pH 4.0 | Positive to PAS, Sudan B | Positive to PAS/AB pH 2.5 | |||||||
| Cell type IV | Oval‐shaped (superior foot) | ||||||||
| Mucoproteins | Positive to PAS | ||||||||
Note: The number in the first line list the number of glands found in the respective epithelial layer, subsequently its gland nomenclature according to the authors.
Abbreviations: AB, alcian blue G8X; n.d., not determined; PAS, periodic acid schiff; TB, toluidine blue O.