Figure 2.

Maternal intake of linseed oil increases the expression of TRAIL on dermal pDCs in mouse pups and thus prevents infant CHS. After the induction of CHS, flow cytometric analyses were performed to enumerate (A) Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells, (B) pDCs, and (C) TRAIL‐expressing pDCs in infant skin; this panel also includes a representative FACS plot and the proportion of TRAIL‐expressing pDCs among total pDCs. Data were pooled from two independent experiments with reproducible results (C). (D) The Trail mRNA expression level in pDCs in infant skin was determined by using real‐time RT‐PCR. Cell numbers shown are those for the left (ie, challenged) ear. Horizontal lines indicate median values. P values were obtained by using the Mann‐Whitney U test (*P < .05; ***P < .001; ns, not significant). (E) TRAIL expression–dependent regulation of infant CHS after maternal dietary intake of linseed oil was evaluated according to ear swelling in pups. To inhibit TRAIL function, infant mice were intraperitoneally injected with anti‐TRAIL mAb at 30 min before DNFB sensitization and challenge, and ear swelling was calculated as the difference in ear thickness before and at 48 h after DNFB challenge (n = 22 [Soy without anti‐TRAIL mAb], 20 [Soy with anti‐TRAIL mAb], 30 [Lin without anti‐TRAIL mAb], or 22 [Lin with anti‐TRAIL mAb]). Horizontal lines indicate median values. P values were obtained by using Dunn's multiple‐comparison test (***P < .001). Data were pooled from three independent experiments with reproducible results