Table 2.
Mean ± SEM population density of N. tenuis, Orius laevigatus, Amblyseius swirskii, Tuta absoluta, and Frankliniella occidentalis per leaf in two control plots in tomato and sweet pepper with corresponding sampling dates
| Tomato 2016 | Sept 29 | Oct 6 | Oct 13 | Oct 20 | Oct 27 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N. tenuis | ||||||||
| C1 | 3.55 ± 0.23 | 4.55 ± 0.22 | 4.88 ± 0.17 | 5.70 ± 0.23 | 6.00 ± 0.17 | |||
| C2 | 3.63 ± 0.18 | 4.95 ± 0.17 | 5.00 ± 0.13 | 5.88 ± 0.24 | 5.95 ± 0.17 | |||
| T = −0.258 | U = 3.500 | U = 6.000 | U = 6.000 | U = 7.500 | ||||
| df = 6 | Z = −1.307 | Z = −0.584 | Z = −0.577 | Z = −0.146 | ||||
| P = 0.805 | P = 0.191 | P = 0.559 | P = 0.564 | P = 0.884 | ||||
| T. absoluta | ||||||||
| C1 | 0.15 ± 0.09 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.10 ± 0.04 | |||
| C2 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.18 ± 0.05 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.04 | 0.10 ± 0.07 | |||
| U = 5.000 | U = 7.000 | U = 4.500 | U = 6.000 | U = 7.000 | ||||
| Z = −0.0.893 | Z = −0.319 | Z = −1.049 | Z = −0.599 | Z = −0.303 | ||||
| P = 0.486 | P = 0.886 | P = 0.343 | P = 0.686 | P = 0.886 |
| Tomato 2017 | Oct 10 | Oct 17 | Oct 24 | Oct 31 | Nov 7 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N. tenuis | ||||||||
| C1 | 3.90 ± 0.23 | 4.93 ± 0.24 | 5.23 ± 0.14 | 6.05 ± 0.24 | 6.33 ± 0.21 | |||
| C2 | 3.98 ± 0.19 | 5.25 ± 0.19 | 5.33 ± 0.11 | 5.93 ± 0.23 | 6.33 ± 0.17 | |||
| t = −0.249 | U = 4.500 | U = 6.500 | t = −0.374 | t = −0.000 | ||||
| df = 6 | Z = −1.016 | Z = −0.447 | df = 6 | df = 6 | ||||
| P = 0.812 | P = 0.309 | P = 0.655 | P = 0.721 | P = 1.000 | ||||
| T. absoluta | ||||||||
| C1 | 1.33 ± 0.06 | 1.33 ± 0.05 | 1.25 ± 0.09 | 1.20 ± 0.11 | 1.23 ± 0.09 | |||
| C2 | 1.35 ± 0.06 | 1.30 ± 0.04 | 1.35 ± 0.06 | 1.20 ± 0.07 | 0.68 ± 0.17 | |||
| t = −0.277 | U = 6.500 | U = 5.500 | U = 7.500 | U = 0.500 | ||||
| df = 6 | Z = −0.458 | Z = −0.744 | Z = −0.149 | Z = −2.178 | ||||
| P = 0.791 | P = 0.686 | P = 0.486 | P = 0.886 | P = 0.029 |
| Sweet pepper 2016 | Oct 5 | Oct 12 | Oct 19 | Oct 26 | Nov 3 | Nov 9 | Nov 16 | Nov 23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O. laevigatus | ||||||||
| C1 | 1.03 ± 0.30 | 0.73 ± 0.13 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 0.88 ± 0.13 | 0.78 ± 0.15 | 0.63 ± 0.12 | 0.95 ± 0.16 | 0.75 ± 0.16 |
| C2 | 1.05 ± 0.13 | 1.13 ± 0.19 | 1.18 ± 0.05 | 1.35 ± 0.09 | 1.33 ± 0.11 | 0.85 ± 0.12 | 0.83 ± 0.08 | 0.93 ± 0.06 |
| t = −0.077 | t = −1.712 | t = −7.592 | t = −3.017 | t = −2.874 | t = −1.342 | t = −0.724 | t = −1.043 | |
| df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | |
| P = 0.941 | P = 0.138 | P < 0.001 | P = 0.023 | P = 0.028 | P = 0.228 | P = 0.496 | P = 0.337 | |
| A. swirskii | ||||||||
| C1 | 3.35 ± 0.34 | 3.25 ± 0.43 | 2.85 ± 0.34 | 2.58 ± 0.39 | 2.80 ± 0.15 | 2.30 ± 0.19 | 2.38 ± 0.11 | 2.75 ± 0.13 |
| C2 | 3.63 ± 0.64 | 2.88 ± 0.52 | 3.08 ± 0.06 | 2.25 ± 0.23 | 2.53 ± 0.19 | 2.45 ± 0.21 | 2.90 ± 0.36 | 2.93 ± 0.13 |
| U = 7.500 | t = −0.555 | t = −0.655 | t = −0.240 | t = −1.133 | t = −0.533 | t = −1.419 | t = −0.938 | |
| Z = −0.145 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | |
| P = 0.886 | P = 0.599 | P = 0.537 | P = 0.819 | P = 0.301 | P = 0.613 | P = 0.206 | P = 0.384 | |
| F. occidentalis | ||||||||
| C1 | 1.40 ± 0.45 | 1.53 ± 0.49 | 2.15 ± 0.13 | 1.50 ± 0.65 | 1.10 ± 0.28 | 1.83 ± 0.34 | 1.13 ± 0.24 | 1.30 ± 0.20 |
| C2 | 1.40 ± 0.31 | 2.35 ± 0.58 | 1.43 ± 0.23 | 1.08 ± 0.35 | 0.73 ± 0.17 | 1.35 ± 0.10 | 1.05 ± 0.09 | 1.25 ± 0.19 |
| t = 0.000 | t = −1.085 | t = −2.621 | t = −0.0.576 | U = 5.000 | t = −1.413 | t = −0.193 | t = −0.182 | |
| df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | Z = −1.155 | df = 6 | df = 6 | df = 6 | |
| P = 1.000 | P = 0.320 | P = 0.059 | P = 0.585 | P = 0.343 | P = 0.207 | P = 0.854 | P = 0.862 |
Note: Data within the same column was analyzed through Student's t‐test or Mann–Whitney U‐test to compare homogeneity of control plots (P < 0.05).