Table 1.
Pregnancy and delivery characteristics of 366 monochorionic twin pregnancies diagnosed prenatally with twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS), according to initial management strategy after diagnosis
| Characteristic | Expectant management (n = 113) | Laser surgery (n = 110) | IUT (± PET) (n = 70) | Delivery (n = 43) | Selective feticide (n = 30) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GA at diagnosis (weeks) | 22.6 (19.9–27.1; 15.1–35.0) | 21.7 (19.3–23.9; 16.1–28.9) | 25.8 (23.3–28.0; 17.0–32.1) | 31.3 (28.6–34.0; 26.0–35.0) | 21.4 (19.1–22.9; 15.1–24.0) |
| GA at intervention (weeks) | — | 22.0 (19.5–24.3; 16.7–30.1) | 26.3 (23.6–28.8; 18.0–32.1) | 31.9 (29.1–34.1; 26.0–36.0) | 22.1 (19.9–23.2; 17.1–24.6) |
| Spontaneous TAPS | 51/113 (45) | 86/110 (78) | 26/70 (37) | 34/43 (79) | 19/30 (63) |
| Anterior placenta | 55/113 (49) | 47/110 (43) | 42/70 (60) | 22/43 (51) | 19/30 (63) |
| TAPS stage at diagnosis | 2 (1–2; 1–4) | 2 (2–3; 1–4) | 2 (1–2; 1–4) | 1 (1–2; 1–4) | 2 (2–3; 1–4) |
| 1 | 52/113 (46) | 25/110 (23) | 18/70 (26) | 23/43 (53) | 5/30 (17) |
| 2 | 45/113 (40) | 51/110 (46) | 37/70 (53) | 13/43 (30) | 12/30 (40) |
| 3 | 11/113 (10) | 27/110 (25) | 10/70 (14) | 5/43 (12) | 11/30 (37) |
| 4 | 5/113 (4) | 7/110 (6) | 5/70 (7) | 2/43 (5) | 2/30 (7) |
| Subsequent treatment | 13/113 (12) | 17/110 (16) | 10/70 (14) | — | — |
| Expectant | — | 3/110 (3) | — | — | — |
| IUT (± PET) | 8/113 (7) | 5/110 (5) | — | — | — |
| Laser (reintervention) | 5/113 (4) | 2/110 (2) | 3/70 (4) | — | — |
| Selective feticide | — | 7/110 (6) | 7/70 (10) | — | — |
| PPROM | 29/113 (26) | 40/107 (37) a | 17/69 (25) c | 4/43 (9) | 13/29 (45) c |
| GA at PPROM (weeks) | 29.0 (25.1–31.3; 21.0–36.4) | 29.7 (25.9–32.1; 16.9–35.9) a | 29.0 (25.8–31.5; 17.7–34.0) c | 29.3 (26.6–33.4; 26.2–34.2) | 27.9 (24.8–31.6; 20.2–33.3) c |
| Spontaneous onset of delivery | 43/113 (38) | 60/106 (57) b | 20/69 (29) c | 3/43 (7) | 24/29 (83) c |
| Cesarean delivery | 69/113 (61) | 80/106 (75) b | 50/69 (72) c | 38/43 (88) | 13/29 (45) c |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range; range) or n/N (%).
Data missing for:
a
three pregnancies;
b
four pregnancies (including three with missing PPROM data);
c
one pregnancy missing PPROM and delivery data.
GA, gestational age; IUT, intrauterine transfusion; PET, partial exchange transfusion; PPROM, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.