Table 2.
The human organic anionic and cationic transporters: Gene name, corresponding transport protein, tissue distribution and main substrates [9–12]
| Gene | Protein | Tissue expression | Substrates |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLC22A1 | OCT1 | Liver, intestine, kidney, lung, skeletal muscle, brain, adipose tissue, immune cells | Organic cations |
| Oxiplatin | |||
| Cisplatin | |||
| Carboplatin | |||
| SLC22A2 | OCT2 | Kidney, small intestine, lung, placenta, thymus, brain, inner ear | Organic cations |
| Oxaliplatin | |||
| Cisplatin | |||
| SLC22A3 | OCT3 | Heart, skeletal muscle, brain, small intestine, liver, lung, kidney, bladder, breast, blood vessels, placenta | Organic cations |
| Oxaliplatin | |||
| SLC22A4 | OCTN1 | Kidney, intestine, spleen, heart, skeletal muscle, brain, breast, thymus, prostate, airways, testis, eye, immune cells, bone marrow, pancreas, placenta, lung | Zwitterions |
| Organic cations | |||
| l-Carnitine | |||
| Oxaliplatin | |||
| SLC22A5 | OCTN2 | Skeletal muscle, kidney, breast, prostate, lung, pancreas, heart, small intestine, thyroid gland, liver, placenta and spinal cord | Zwitterions |
| Organic cations | |||
| l-Carnitine | |||
| SLC22A6 | OAT1 | Kidney, placenta, brain, eyes, smooth muscle | Small xenobiotics |
| Prostaglandin | |||
| Urate | |||
| Antivirals | |||
| Methotrexate | |||
| SLC22A7 | OAT2 | Liver, kidney, lung, brain, small intestine, eye, heart | Antivirals |
| cGMP | |||
| Prostaglandin | |||
| Tetracycline | |||
| Estrone-3-sulfate | |||
| SLC22A8 | OAT3 | Liver, kidney, brain, skeletal muscle, retina, testes | |
| Small xenobiotic | |||
| Conjugated steroids | |||
| Carnitine | |||
| Prostaglandin | |||
| Vitamins | |||
| Estrone-3-sulfate | |||
| Estradiol | |||
| Methotrexate | |||
| Tetracycline | |||
| SLC22A9 | OAT7 | Liver | Oestrogen-3-sulfate |
| SLC22A10 | OAT5 | Liver | Unknown |
| SLC22A11 | OAT4 | Kidney, placenta, brain | Estrone-3-sulfate |
| Prostaglandin | |||
| Urate | |||
| Tetracycline | |||
| Methotrexate | |||
| SLC22A12 | URAT1 | Kidney, smooth muscle | Urate |
| SLC22A13 | OAT10 | Kidney, colon, small intestine, brain, heart | Urate |
| Organic anions | |||
| Nicotinate | |||
| SLC22A16 | OCT6 | Testis, bone marrow, kidney | l-Carnitine |
| Non-charged compounds | |||
| SLC22A20 | OCT6 | Olfactory mucosa, testes | Estrone-3-sulfate |