Table 2.
Demographic and clinical findings of patients with and without snakebite sequelae
| No sequelae n=50 | With sequelae n=24 | P value | |
| Age, months (range) | 113 (67.3–130.5) | 110 (73–130.8) | 0.87 |
| Male gender | 34 (68)* | 18 (75)* | 0.59 |
| Anatomical site of the bite | 0.43 | ||
| Lower extremities | 33 (66) | 14 (58) | |
| Upper extremities | 14 (28) | 10 (41.6) | |
| Head | 2 (4) | 0 | |
| Chest | 1 (2) | 0 | |
| Severity of envenoming | 0.095 | ||
| Mild | 13 (26) | 3 (12.5) | |
| Moderate | 36 (72) | 18 (75) | |
| Severe | 1 (2) | 3 (12.5) | |
| Time to medical evaluation, hours (range) | 2.0 (1.0–9.0) | 2.0 (1.25–5.5) | 0.76 |
| Time to administration of antivenom, hours (range) | 2.0 (1.0–15.0) | 2.0 (1.0–6.0) | 0.84 |
| Initial signs and symptoms | |||
| Pain | 37 (74) | 17 (70.8) | 0.78 |
| Local oedema | 47 (94) | 24 (100) | 0.54 |
| Bleeding | 14 (28) | 10 (41.6) | 0.29 |
| Bullae formation | 5 (10) | 4 (16.7) | 0.46 |
| Local necrosis | 0 | 2 (8.3) | – |
| Acute complications presented during hospitalisation† | |||
| Infection | 3 (6) | 9 (37.5) | 0.0013 |
| Serum sickness | 2 (4) | 1 (4.2) | >0.99 |
| Compartmental syndrome | 16 (32) | 20 (83.3) | <0.0001 |
| Need of fasciotomy | 17 (34) | 21 (87.5) | <0.0001 |
Categorical data are expressed as frequencies (%) and analysed using Fisher or χ2 test.
Continuous data are expressed as median (25%–75% interquartile range) and analysed using Mann-Whitney rank test or Student’s t-test.
Values in bold indicate significant two-sided p values.
*Results are presented as number of patients and percentages (in parentheses).
†Acute complications presented during hospitalisation refers to those complications presented during the initial days after snakebite, and not to long-term complications.