Figure 6.

Numerical Simulations of Epithelial Relaxation upon Friction Removal

(A) Top, shape evolution of a cell ring simulated with friction, F_NS = ${5.10}^{-3}\mu N$, which was removed after ten cell divisions together with cell proliferation. Bottom, shape evolution of a cell ring simulated with friction, F_NS = ${5.10}^{-3}\mu N$, which was kept, however, while cell proliferation was removed after ten cell divisions.

(B) Angles as a function of δ/R obtained from experiments (red, n = 24 from 3 replicates), continuum theory (green and purple lines) and simulations (gray, n = 1,297 points from >100 independent simulations, and dark gray, n = 39 points averaged from the 1,297 points).

(C) Mean pressure as a function of cell number in experiments (n = 53 from 5 replicates) and in silico (n = 184 independent simulations); error bars are SDs.

(D) Pressure as a function of cell number of individual numerical simulations (solid lines; n = 41 per each pair of normalized parameters (c^b,k^s)) and mean pressure (dots; n = 41 per each pair of normalized parameters (c^b,k^s)) as a function of cell number for three different pairs of normalized parameters (c^b,k^s); error bars are SDs.