Table 2.

Cytokine profile of all COVID-19 patients at baseline and according to the outcome.

Cytokines, pg/mL	All patients (n = 94)	ICU-free and alive at D14 (n = 77)	ICU admission or death at D14 (n = 17)
IL-8	45.1 [32.53–73.26]	43.6 [30.74–62.97]	68.9 [49.14–95.6]*
IL-6	26.6 [9.67–50.85]	18.1 [8.96–41.91]	60.4 [30.14–222.5]*
TNF	16.9 [13.4–21.7]	16.4 [12.99–20.27]	19.2 [15.47–38.07]**
IL-10	7.4 [3.86–13.21]	6.1 [3.46–10.68]	12.8 [8.45–15.5]**
IL-22	2.1 [1.11–3.71]	1.8 [1.12–3.48]	3.3 [0.81–6.3]
IFNγ	0.6 [0.14–1.87]	0.7 [0.14–2.08]	0.3 [0.23–0.66]
IL-4	0.3 [0.19–0.76]	0.3 [0.19–0.82]	0.3 [0.17–0.66]
IL-5	0.2 [0.09–0.4]	0.2 [0.09–0.4]	0.2 [0.09–0.43]
IL-1β	0.2 [0.1–0.32]	0.2 [0.1–0.31]	0.2 [0.14–0.33]
IL-12p70	0.2 [0.09–0.3]	0.2 [0.09–0.31]	0.2 [0.13–0.25]
IL-2	0 [0–1.4]	0 [0–1.6]	0 [0–0]**
IFNβ	0 [0–0.69]	0 [0–0.69]	0 [0–0.9]

Cytokine profile of 94 COVID-19 patients, and comparison between ICU-free and alive patients versus those admitted to ICU or dead by day 14 of follow-up. All cytokines were measured using SP-X (Simoa Planar Technology; Human 10-Plex, Quanterix®, Netherlands), except IL-2 (ProcartaPlex, ThermoFisher®, Life Technologies SAS, Villebon sur Yvette, France) and IFN-β (ELISA, VeriKine-HS). Data are presented as median [interquartile range]. Comparison was made using Mann-Whitney's test. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.05