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. 2020 Aug 12;20:37–47. doi: 10.1016/j.euros.2020.06.006

Table 2.

Summary of genetic features associated with tumour visibility on mpMRI

Feature type Feature Reference
Commercial assays Progensa PCA3 [7], [8]
Oncotype Dx [13], [14], [15]
Decipher (GC) [17], [18], [19], [20]
Prolaris (CCP) [24]
DNA-related features DNA repair defects [26], [27]
Copy-number alteration [32]
Mutational burden [32]
Genomic instability (PGA) [2]
PTEN loss [37], [43], [44]
Transcriptomic features Biochemical recurrence–associated genes (CENPF, AGR2, GDF15) [26]
Cancer progression–associated genes (SCHLAP1) [2]
Small nuclear RNAs [2]
Angiogenesis factor (VEGF) [46]
Tumorigenic drivers (SPOP, IDH1) [47]
Biological hallmarks of cancer Castration resistance (WNT) [27]
Immunological response [2], [28], [29]
Tumour hypoxia [34]
Tumour progression (GDF15, AGR2) [2], [26], [29]
Biological pathways Mitotic cell cycle [26]
Protein folding [26]
Cell cycle [26], [27]
Mitotic cell cycle process [26]
Cell division [26]
Apoptosis [27]
Cell cycle progression (PI3K-AKT-mTOR and E2F) [27]
Cellular structure components Actin filament-based process [26]
Cytoskeleton organisation [26], [36]
Stromal components [13]
Anchoring junction [26], [29]
Adherens junction [26], [29]
Focal adhesion [26], [29]
Cell-substrate adherens junction [26], [29]
Cell-substrate junction [26], [29]
Actin-based cell projection [26], [29]

AGR2 = anterior gradient 2, a protein disulphide isomerase family member; AKT = AKT serine/threonine kinase; CENPF = centromere protein F; CCP = cell-cycle progression; E2F = E2F transcription factor; GC = genomic classifier; GDF15 = growth differentiation factor 15; IDH1 = isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP + ) 1; mpMRI = multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging; mTOR = mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; PCA3 = prostate cancer antigen 3; PGA = percentage of genome altered; PI3K = phosphoinositide 3-kinase, PTEN = phosphatase and tensin homologue; SCHLAP1 = SWI/SNF complex antagonist associated with prostate cancer 1; SPOP = speckle type BTB/POZ protein; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; WNT = Wnt signalling pathway.