Table 1.

Patient characteristics

	Healthy	Cirrhosis	HCC + cirrhosis	P values
No. of patients	40	32	12
Age median [range] years	62 [34–81]	56.5 [35–78]	69.5 [55–79]	0.019a 0.006b 0.0002c
Male/Female	21/19	20/12	7/5
Child-Pugh class A/B/C/na	—	21/8/0/3	9/2/1/0
MELD median [range]	—	5 [1–16]	6 [1–11]	0.89c
UKELD median [range]	—	48 [44.7–58.9]	48.2 [45.2–50.5]	0.89c
BCLC 0/A/B/C/na	—	—	3/6/1/1/1
Total bilirubin median [range] (µmol/L)	—	17 [7–86]	17 [9–80]	0.75c
Serum albumin median [range] (g/L)	—	37 [24–45]	35 [26–40]	0.30c
INR median [range] (%)	—	1.11 [0.82–1.78]	1.03 [0.88–1.33]	0.11c
ALT median [range] (IU/L)	—	27 [14–105]	30 [14–70]	0.56c
ALP median [range] (IU/L)	—	95 [40–440]	109 [42–334]	0.79c
Creatinine (µmol/L)	—	67 [38–147]	68 [48–92]	0.99c
Sodium (mM)	—	139.5 [126–144]	139 [128–143]	0.98c
Limonene level [median, IQR] (ng/L)	6.2 [2.62–9.57]	32.6 [6.55–123.07]	82.1 [16.33–199.32]	0.0001a 0.0005b 0.37c

^aCirrhosis vs healthy.

^bHCC + Cirrhosis vs healthy.

^cCirrhosis vs HCC + Cirrhosis.

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BCLC, Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; INR, international normalized ratio; IQR, interquartile range; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; UKELD, United Kingdom Model for End-Stage Liver Disease.