Table 2.
Statistical analysis of anxiety-like and exploratory behaviour.
| Parameter | AE | BE | NE | LMM | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | Mean ± SEM | F | p | η2p | Transf | ||
| Elevated plus maze test | ||||||||
| Time spent on open arms (%) | A | 38.0 ± 5.2 | 32.6 ± 2.9 | 32.9 ± 4.8 | 0.27 | 0.77 | 0.03 | NT |
| Entries into open arms (%) | A | 40.4 ± 3.5 | 38.7 ± 2.8 | 40.1 ± 2.9 | 0.08 | 0.93 | 0.01 | NT |
| Distance travelled on open arms (m) | A | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 2.60 | 0.10 | 0.21 | NT |
| Sum of entries (#) | L | 21.1 ± 1.4 | 24.0 ± 0.8 | 23.3 ± 2.4 | 0.69 | 0.51 | 0.06 | NT |
| Dark light test | ||||||||
| Latency to enter light compartment (s) | A | 4.1 ± 1.0 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 7.6 ± 3.1 | 0.20 | 0.82 | 0.02 | Log |
| Time spent in light compartment (s) | A | 136.3 ± 16.4 | 147.8 ± 9.3 | 139.7 ± 10.6 | 0.28 | 0.77 | 0.03 | NT |
| Entries into light compartment (#) | L | 14.1 ± 1.1 | 13.8 ± 0.7 | 17.8 ± 1.4 | 3.73 | 0.04 | 0.30 | NT |
| Open field test | ||||||||
| Time spent in centre (s) | A | 13.7 ± 2.0 | 20.1 ± 2.6 | 14.6 ± 1.5 | 2.47 | 0.11 | 0.19 | NT |
| Entries into centre (#) | A | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 10.8 ± 1.0 | 7.9 ± 0.9 | 2.67 | 0.10 | 0.23 | NT |
| Distance travelled (m) | L | 32.1 ± 1.7 | 34.3 ± 1.0 | 40.3 ± 4.0 | 2.96 | 0.08 | 0.26 | NT |
Data are presented as untransformed means for the three groups (AE, BE, NE) ± standard error of the means (SEM). Statistical information given: main effects of experience (LMM: F-ratio, p-value, η2p) and transformation used for the statistical analysis (NT = not transformed, Log = logarithmic transformation). Sample sizes: nAE = nBE = nNE = 8. A = anxiety-like behaviour, L = exploratory locomotion, bold = p ≤ 0.05.