Figure 6.

Gut microbiota from VDR^ΔIEC mice activates JAK/STAT signaling in human and mouse organoids. (A) Human colonoids were prepared and treated with feces from VDR^loxP or VDR^ΔIEC mice for 2 hours. (B) The expression of Jak2 and Stat3 in human colonoids and (C) mouse colonoids was detected by Western blot. PCNA and β-catenin were increased in the VDR^ΔIEC feces-treated group. Data are expressed as means ± SD. n = 3, 1-way analysis of variance test. (D) Human and (E) mouse organoids were pretreated with 20 μmol/L of stattic for 2 hours, then treated with feces for 2 hours. The expression of Jak2 and was increased after stattic treatment, especially in the VDR^ΔIEC group. The total Stat3 was decreased compared with the no-stattic group. Data are expressed as means ± SD. n = 3, 2-way analysis of variance test. ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .01, and ∗∗∗P < .001 compared with the control group.