Table 2.

Tumor/cancer-inhibiting cargoes transported by MSC-derived exosomes.

Cargo type	Source of exosome	Target cancer/cells	Outcome	Exosomal cargo/pathway	Reference
miRNA	Human bone marrow MSCs	Osteosarcoma cells	Inhibition of tumor cell migration	miR-143	[68]
	MSCs	Glioma cells and glioma stem cells	Reduction of cell migration and self-renewal	miR-124 and miR-145	[55]
	Human MSCs	Breast cancer cells	Suppression of angiogenesis	miR-100	[57]
	MSCs	Prostate cancer cells	Suppression of cancer progression	miR-145	[54]
	MSCs	Breast cancer cells	Suppression of angiogenesis	miR-16	[58]
	Human bone marrow MSCs	Breast cancer cells	Promotion of dormancy	miR-23b	[59]
	MSCs	Breast cancer cells	Stimulation of cycling quiescence and dormancy	miR-222/223	[60]
	Human bone marrow MSCs	Prostate cancer cells	Inhibition of cell migration and invasion	miR-143	[69]
	Human adipose-derived MSCs	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Cancer cells rendered sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents	miR-122	[18]
	Normal bone marrow MSCs	Multiple myeloma	Inhibition of tumor promotion	—	[38]
	MSCs	Glioblastoma multiforme cells	Reversal of chemoresistance	Anti-miR-9	[66]
	MSCs	Glioma	Reduction of progression and metastasis	miR-146b	[67]
	MSCs	Pancreatic cancer cells	Inhibition of cancer activity	miR-1231	[61]
	MSCs	Glioma	Suppression of progression	miR-133b	[56]
siRNA	MSCs	Bladder cancer cells	Induction of apoptosis and necrosis	PLK-1 siRNA	[70]
Pathway	MSCs	Human leukemia cells	Enhancement of apoptosis	Activated caspase pathway	[62]
Drug	MSCs	Breast cancer cells	Reduction in viability	PTX	[71]
	Human MSCs	HeLa cells	Ablation of cancer cells	Iron oxide	[72]