Table 4.
Clinical complications among IVDU-IE cases
| Complication | % (n) |
|---|---|
| Cardiac | 54.8 (23) |
| Heart failure | 50.0 (21) |
| Heart block | 16.7 (7) |
| Pericardial effusion | 2.4 (1) |
| Myocardial infarction | 4.8 (2) |
| Myocardial/perivalvular abscess | 14.3 (6) |
| Pulmonary | 40.5 (17) |
| Septic pulmonary emboli | 40.5 (17) |
| Empyema | 2.4 (1) |
| Lymphatic | 16.7 (7) |
| Splenic infarct | 11.9 (5) |
| Splenic abscess | 7.1 (3) |
| Neurologic | 19.1 (8) |
| Stroke | 14.3 (6) |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 9.5 (4) |
| Cerebral abscess | 7.3 (3) |
| Meningitis | 2.4 (1) |
| Bone/joint | 26.2 (11) |
| Osteomyelitis | 7.1 (3) |
| Septic arthritis | 21.4 (9) |
| Other | |
| Non-splenic infarct | 11.9 (5) |
| Other metastatic abscess | 14.3 (6) |
| Sepsis | 31.0 (13) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 38.1 (16) |
IVDU-IE, intravenous drug use–associated infective endocarditis.