Table 5.
Outcomes of IVDU-IE cases (n = 42)
| Died∗, % (n) | 31.0 (9) |
|---|---|
| Surgical intervention, % (n) | |
| Pacemaker insertion | 11.9 (5) |
| Valvuloplasty | 11.9 (5) |
| Aortic valve replacement | 31.0 (13) |
| Tricuspid valve replacement | 23.8 (10) |
| Mitral valve replacement | 9.5 (4) |
| Replacement of ascending aorta | 4.8 (2) |
| Debridement of aortic root | 9.5 (4) |
| Repair of left ventricular outflow tract | 2.4 (1) |
| Closure of atrial-septal defect | 4.8 (2) |
| Closure of patent foramen ovale | 4.8 (2) |
| Reasons for surgical intervention | |
| Heart failure related to left-sided valve IE with severe regurgitation | 14.3 (6) |
| Uncontrolled infection | 7.1 (3) |
| Left-sided valve IE with vegetations > 10 mm and an embolic episode despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, or predictors of a complicated course | 16.7 (7) |
| Large left-sided vegetation > 15 mm | 11.9 (5) |
| Tricuspid valve IV with severe or worsening regurgitation | 9.5 (4) |
| Intensive care unit (ICU) admission; other than postoperative cardiac surgery ICU admit, % (n) | 9.5 (4) |
| Ongoing moderate-severe valvular regurgitation at discharge, % (n) | 19.0 (8) |
| Median length of stay (range) (d) | 19 (2-74) |
| Median antibiotic duration (range) (d) | 42 (2-84) |
IE, infective endocarditis; IV, intravenous; IVDU-IE, intravenous drug use–associated infective endocarditis.
∗
Based on 29 patients who experienced 42 IE episodes during the study period.