Table 4.
Characteristics and dietary intakes of study participants across median of dietary pattern scores
| Variables | Healthy dietary pattern | Western dietary pattern | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | P value | Case | Control | P value | |
| Age | 46.28 ± 12.8 | 39.60 ± 9.2 | < 0.001 | 49.2 ± 12.6 | 35.1 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 |
| Sex, female (%) | 79.2% | 71.6% | 0.136 | 83.5% | 77.4% | 0.212 |
| BMI | 25.7 ± 4.44 | 24.5 ± 3.21 | 0.056 | 26.20 ± 4.35 | 24.2 ± 3.95 | 0.009 |
| Weight | 68.8 ± 12.21 | 63.7 ± 8.9 | 0.005 | 67.6 ± 11.4 | 62.2 ± 9.32 | 0.004 |
| SES | 12.8 ± 3.4 | 13.9 ± 3.8 | 0.134 | 13.3 ± 3.6 | 14.1 ± 3.3 | 0.255 |
| Disease history | ||||||
| No | 76.5% | 81.3% | 0.281 | 74.7% | 77.6% | 0.316 |
| Yes | 23.5% | 18.7% | 25.3% | 22.4% | ||
| Drug use | ||||||
| No | 84.7% | 93.2% | 0.092 | 84.1% | 88.1% | 0.102 |
| Yes | 15.3% | 6.8% | 15.9% | 11.9% | ||
| Education | ||||||
| < Diploma | 30.3% | 25.8% | 0.116 | 28.7% | 27.1% | 0.521 |
| Diploma | 37.8% | 35.6% | 35.6% | 38.3% | ||
| Bachelor | 23.5% | 28.2% | 24.8% | 25.9% | ||
| > Bachelor | 8.4% | 10.4% | 10.9% | 8.7% | ||
| Physical activity (MET-min/week) | 3631 ± 5145 | 2557 ± 2304 | 0.080 | 3512 ± 3480 | 3813 ± 2544 | 0.447 |
| Energy (kcal) | 2643 ± 509 | 2474 ± 707 | 0.137 | 2243 ± 598 | 2039 ± 712 | 0.069 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 333 ± 76 | 359 ± 123 | 0.173 | 285.5 ± 82 | 280 ± 107 | 0.758 |
| Protein (g) | 73.1 ± 18.1 | 84.1 ± 29.9 | 0.017 | 64.5 ± 22.6 | 70.8 ± 28.4 | 0.694 |
| Fat (g) | 117 ± 24.5 | 84 ± 35.3 | < 0.001 | 98.5 ± 28 | 79.4 ± 44.7 | 0.002 |
| Cigarette | ||||||
| No | 91.2% | 94.2% | 0.8 | 94.8% | 90.8% | 0.83 |
| Yes | 8.8% | 5.8% | 5.2% | 9.2% | ||