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The roles of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in pathogen clearance. A: the collectin carbohydrate recognition domain of SP-A binds to the pathogen surface for opsonization. B: SP-A opsonizes pathogens by directly interacting with macrophages (Mφ). SP-A binds to the SP-R210 receptor and enhances opsonic and nonopsonic phagocytosis of the pathogen.
