Table 4.
Parameter estimates (gammas) for effects of market structure and control variables on duplicated and differentiated services (n = 11,264)
| Duplicated services | Differentiated services | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypothesized | Actual | Hypothesized | Actual | |
| Market structure | ||||
| Geographic distance | + | 0.025 c | – | 0.010 |
| Size asymmetry | – | −0.666 c | + | 0.650 c |
| Market competition | – | −0.045 c | + | 0.010 |
| Population density | + | −0.015 | + | 0.051 c |
| Community munificence | + | 0.116 c | + | −0.042 c |
| Specialists | + | −0.072 c | + | 0.019 a |
| Managed care | + | −0.230 c | + | 0.034 c |
| Control variables | ||||
| Multihospital membership | 0.043 c | 0.018 c | ||
| Non-profit ownership | 0.174 c | 0.180 b | ||
| Bed size | 0.852 c | 0.137 c | ||
| Case mix | 0.143 c | 0.273 c | ||
a Significant at the .05 level
b Significant at the .01 level
c Significant at the .001 level