Table 1. Characteristics of PPI exposed and unexposed patients at baseline.
| PPI | No PPI | Difference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 183,968 | n = 131,110 | (95% CI) | ||||
| Age^, mean years (SD) | 69.9 | (70) | 72.1 | (7.6) | 2.2 | (1.8 to 2.6) |
| Female, % (n) | 60.2% | (110,720) | 58.9% | (77,174) | 1.3 | (1.0 to 1.7) |
| BMI^, mean (SD) | 26.3 | (5.1) | 25.8 | (5.1) | 0.5 | (0.5 to 0.5) |
| Drink alcohol^, % (n) | 3% | (5,510) | 2.3% | (2,977) | 0.7 | (0.6 to 0.8) |
| Smoker† % (n) | 20.4% | (36,320) | 29.9% | (37,290) | 9.5 | (9.2 to 9.8) |
| Dementia % (n) | 11.4% | (21,023) | 12.3% | (16,125) | 0.9 | (0.6 to 1.1) |
| Age at dementia diagnosis, mean years (SD) | 82.1 | (6.7) | 81.5 | (6.8) | 0.6 | (0.5 to 0.7) |
| Diabetes† % (n) | 19.4% | (35,778) | 14.6% | (19,132) | 4.8 | (4.6 to 5.1) |
| Cardiovascular disease† % (n) | 53.9% | (99,065) | 38% | (49,768) | 15.9 | (15.5 to 16.2) |
| Depression† % (n) | 32.7% | (60,167) | 20.1% | (26,404) | 12.6 | (12.3 to 12.9) |
| Head injury† % (n) | 6.4% | (11,739) | 4.8% | (6,315) | 1.6 | (1.4 to 1.7) |
| Vitamin B12 deficiency† % (n) | 0.8% | (1,516) | 0.6% | (734) | 0.2 | (0.2 to 0.3) |
| Anaemia† % (n) | 19.1% | (35,153) | 9.7% | (12,739) | 9.4 | (9.2 to 9.6) |
| Anxiolytics† % (n) | 29.1% | (53,434) | 16.8% | (22,044) | 12.3 | (11.9 to 12.5) |
| Antidepressants† % (n) | 50.1% | (92,235) | 28.9% | (37,847) | 21.2 | (20.9 to 21.6) |
| Anticoagulants† % (n) | 20.7% | (38,002) | 14.7% | (19,257) | 6 | (5.7 to 6.2) |
| Antiplatelets† % (n) | 66.7% | (122,632) | 47.2% | (61,838) | 19.5 | (19.2 to 19.8) |
| Statins †% (n) | 59.5% | (109,444) | 36.9% | (48,343) | 22.6 | (22.3 to 23) |
| Hormone replacement therapy† % (n) | 9.9% | (18,274) | 4.3% | (5,617) | 5.6 | (5.5 to 5.8) |
| Vitamin B12 medication† % (n) | 5.7% | (10,421) | 3.4% | (4,506) | 2.3 | (2.1 to 2.4) |
| Anaemia medication† % (n) | 38.6% | (71,047) | 19% | (24,933) | 19.6 | (19.3 to 19.9) |
| Antihypertensives† % (n) | 71.6% | (131,740) | 54.1% | (70,925) | 17.5 | (17.2 to 17.9) |
| H2-receptor antagonists† % (n) | 19.1% | (35,203) | 6.1% | (7,935) | 13 | (12.9 to 13) |
| Died % (n) | 43.5% | (79,974) | 53.3% | (69,917) | 9.8 | (9.5 to 10.2) |
| Mean age died, years (SD) | 85 | (6.0) | 84.3 | (5.8) | 0.7 | (0.6 to 0.8) |
^ Covariates collected at index date.
† Covariates collected throughout patient history, pre- or post- index date.
Missing data for PPI exposed: 36.7% for BMI (n = 67,569) and 3.3% (n = 6,057) for smoking status.
Missing data for non-exposed: 47.4% for BMI (n = 62,118) and 4.9% (n = 6,444) for smoking status.