Table 2.
Effects of prebiotics on faecal SCFA in type 2 diabetes
| Prebiotics | Placebo | Between-p value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Δ 6w | Within-p value | Baseline | Δ 6w | Within-p value | ||
| Total SCFA (mmol/kg) | 53.95 (43.89–75.23) | 8.80 (− 4.7 to 27.44) | 0.07 | 66.53 (58.40–83.50) | − 4.98 (− 24.94 to 12.70) | 0.35 | 0.04 |
| Acetic acid (mmol/kg) | 31.57 (25.38–40.14) | 6.11 (− 3.14 to 13.34) | 0.02 | 39.95 (33.95–42.87) | − 4.23 (− 11.94 to 7.45) | 0.34 | 0.02 |
| % Acetic acid | 56.19 (47.71–60.33) | 2.24 (− 6.16 to 9.80) | 0.22 | 53.58 (46.81–62.46) | 1.07 (− 3.72 to 6.78) | 0.46 | 0.58 |
| Propionic acid (mmol/kg) | 10.02 (6.46–13.33) | 1.72 (− 2.49 to 8.57) | 0.17 | 11.75 (8.96–16.25) | − 1.52 (− 3.78 to 1.19) | 0.12 | 0.04 |
| % Propionic acid | 16.54 (14.81–19.84) | 0.06 (− 3.40 to 1.92) | 0.96 | 17.97 (15.26–20.64) | 0.26 (− 2.31 to 1.99) | 0.90 | 0.90 |
| Isobutyric acid (mmol/kg) | 1.33 (0.87–1.67) | 0.05 (− 0.81 to 0.85) | 0.99 | 1.42 (0.91–2.92) | − 0.33 (− 0.61 to 0.21) | 0.09 | 0.70 |
| % Isobutyric acid | 2.55 (1.76–3.77) | − 0.05 (− 1.39 to 0.41) | 0.19 | 2.34 (1.38–3.43) | 0.03 (− 0.60 to 0.33) | 0.49 | 0.14 |
| Butyric acid (mmol/kg) | 9.06 (7.36–15.08) | 2.35 (− 1.81 to 4.81) | 0.17 | 10.63 (7.99–16.68) | − 1.18 (− 6.58 to 6.04) | 0.53 | 0.19 |
| % Butyric acid | 17.70 (14.20–22.53) | − 0.90 (− 4.33 to 3.86) | 0.53 | 16.30 (14.21–22.31) | − 1.00 (− 5.13 to 4.72) | 0.68 | 0.95 |
| Isovaleric acid (mmol/kg) | 2.05 (1.32–2.58) | − 0.01 (− 1.51 to 1.16) | 0.76 | 2.01 (1.37–4.38) | − 0.40 (0.94–0.38) | 0.15 | 0.82 |
| % Isovaleric acid | 3.91 (2.61–5.92) | − 0.15 (− 2.29 to 0.86) | 0.15 | 3.52 (1.99–5.32) | 0.04 (− 1.01 to 0.77) | 0.62 | 0.09 |
| Valeric acid (mmol/kg) | 1.61 (1.06–2.26) | 0.06 (− 0.78 to 0.98) | 0.80 | 1.57 (1.19–2.99) | − 0.13 (− 0.50 to 0.28) | 0.33 | 0.44 |
| % Valeric acid | 2.93 (2.34–3.42) | − 0.43 (− 1.20 to 0.29) | 0.12 | 2.81 (1.96–3.30) | − 0.02 (− 0.34 to 0.41) | 0.80 | 0.08 |
| Isocaproic acid (mmol/kg) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.32 | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 1.00 | 0.32 |
| % Isocaproic acid | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.32 | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | 1.00 | 0.32 |
| Caproic acid (mmol/kg) | 0.09 (0.00–0.62) | 0.00 (− 0.14 to 0.05) | 0.98 | 0.15 (0.00–0.15) | 0.00 (− 0.17–0.17) | 0.98 | 0.90 |
| % Caproic acid | 0.20 (0.00–0.50) | 0.00 (− 0.45 to 0.08) | 0.33 | 0.23 (0.00–1.59) | 0.00 (− 0.33–0.10) | 0.98 | 0.38 |
Data are median (25th–75th percentiles). Wilcoxon signed rank test
Significant differences in bold