Table 5.
Properties of nutrition quality and metal contents of fresh pak choi at harvest under amendment of the biowastes before and after pyrolysis.
| Treat-ment | Vitamin C (mg 100g−1) | Sugar (g kg−1) | Protein (g kg−1) | Nitrate (mg kg−1) | Cu (mg kg−1) | Zn (mg kg−1) | Pb (mg kg−1) | Cd (mg kg−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 78.15 ± 4.23c | 1.39 ± 0.17a | 15.27 ± 0.56 bc | 1336.0 ± 128.1a | 0.38 ± 0.06 b | 7.45 ± 0.88 c | 0.05 ± 0.01 a | 0.07 ± 0.01 c |
| UWS | 101.9 ± 3.36 Ab | 1.47 ± 0.25Aa | 16.38 ± 1.17Aab | 1117.5 ± 165.4Aa | 0.26 ± 0.03 Ac | 4.34 ± 0.30 Ad | 0.05 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.07 ± 0.01Ac |
| WSB | 89.30 ± 7.21Bbc | 1.63 ± 0.16 Aa | 16.13 ± 1.79Aabc | 1331.7 ± 129.5Aa | 0.25 ± 0.03 Ac | 3.74 ± 0.64 Ad | 0.05 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.05 ± 0.01Bd |
| USM | 75.57 ± 3.14Bc | 1.49 ± 0.12Aa | 15.64 ± 0.44 Abc | 1380.6 ± 38.01Aa | 0.81 ± 0.04Aa | 26.76 ± 2.32 Aa | 0.06 ± 0.00 Aa | 0.07 ± 0.00Ac |
| SMB | 139.8 ± 11.62Aa | 1.49 ± 0.14Aa | 16.04 ± 0.43Aabc | 1310.7 ± 119.7Aa | 0.47 ± 0.06Bb | 15.83 ± 2.04 Bb | 0.06 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.03 ± 0.00Be |
| USS | 42.22 ± 1.19Bd | 1.50 ± 0.06Aa | 13.99 ± 0.55Bc | 1398.2 ± 41.25Aa | 0.70 ± 0.02Aa | 17.68 ± 1.04 Ab | 0.04 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.21 ± 0.01Aa |
| SSB | 88.12 ± 6.60 Abc | 1.47 ± 0.13Aa | 18.07 ± 1.33Aa | 1236.4 ± 15.56Ba | 0.69 ± 0.13Aa | 9.68 ± 2.07 Bc | 0.05 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.16 ± 0.02Bb |
Data as mean ± standard deviation of four replicates of a treatment. Sugar and protein both tested in soluble form. CK, control; UWS and WSB, USM and SMB, and USS and SSB, wheat residue, swine manure and sewage sludge respectively before and after pyrolysis. In a single column, different uppercase letters following a single pair of amendment and different lowercase letters across the column represent a significant difference at p < 0.05 between before and after pyrolysis, and among all the treatments, respectively(One-way ANOVA followed by Turkey test).