Table 1: Baseline Characteristics:
Demographics and medical history for all included patients and by AF subtype. Data presented as median (IQR) or N (%) as appropriate.
| Overall | Paroxysmal AF | Persistent AF | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 3139 | 1778 (56.6%) | 1361 (43.4%) | |
| Age, years | 65 (58-71) | 64 (57-70) | 66 (60-72) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 1132 (36.1%) | 711 (40%) | 421 (30.9%) | <0.0001 |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.6949 | |||
| White | 2924 (93.2%) | 1653 (93.0%) | 1271 (93.4%) | |
| Black/African American | 80 (2.6%) | 43 (2.4%) | 37 (2.7%) | |
| Hispanic | 28 (0.9%) | 19 (1.1%) | 9 (0.7%) | |
| Other | 107 (3.4%) | 63 (3.5%) | 44 (3.2%) | |
| Insurance | 0.0010 | |||
| Private | 2021 (64.6%) | 1200 (67.7%) | 821 (60.4%) | |
| Medicare | 483 (15.4%) | 251 (14.2%) | 232 (17.1%) | |
| Private + Medicare | 453 (14.5%) | 228 (12.9%) | 225 (16.6%) | |
| Medicaid | 152 (4.8%) | 81 (4.6%) | 71 (5.2%) | |
| None | 22 (0.7%) | 12 (0.7%) | 10 (0.74%) | |
| Hypertension | 2122 (67.6%) | 1102 (62.0%) | 1020 (74.9%) | <0.0001 |
| OSA | 1000 (31.9%) | 505 (28.4%) | 495 (36.4%) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 593 (18.9%) | 295 (16.6%) | 298 (21.9%) | 0.0002 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 589 (18.8%) | 284 (16%) | 305 (22.4%) | <0.0001 |
| Heart Failure | 571 (18.2%) | 201 (11.3%) | 370 (27.2%) | <0.0001 |
| LVEF <40% | 243 (8.2%) | 80 (4.8%) | 163 (12.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Thyroid disease | 505 (16.1%) | 284 (16.0%) | 221 (16.2%) | 0.8413 |
| On dialysis | 6 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 0.7425 |
| Stage 3 CKD | 623 (24.3%) | 308 (22.0%) | 315 (27.2%) | 0.0023 |
| Cancer | 365 (11.6%) | 201 (11.3%) | 164 (12.1%) | 0.5187 |
| COPD | 256 (8.2%) | 129 (7.3%) | 127 (9.3%) | 0.0352 |
| CVA/TIA | 245 (7.8%) | 129 (7.3%) | 116 (8.5%) | 0.1895 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 95 (3.0%) | 37 (2.1%) | 58 (4.3%) | 0.0004 |
| Family history of AF | 82 (2.6%) | 39 (2.2%) | 43 (3.2%) | 0.0927 |
| Left atrial diameter, cm | 4.2 (3.7-4.8) | 4.0 (3.5-4.5) | 4.4 (4.0-5.0) | <0.0001 |
| CHA2DS2VASc score | 2 (1-4) | 2 (1-3) | 3 (2-4) | <0.0001 |
| ORBIT bleeding score | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-2) | 0.0003 |
| HAS-BLED Score | 2 (1-2) | 1 (1-2) | 2 (1-2) | <0.0001 |
| Prior major bleeding | 94 (3.0%) | 44 (2.5%) | 50 (3.7%) | 0.0151 |
| Prior ablations for AF | 0.0002 | |||
| 0 | 2447 (78.1%) | 1432 (80.6%) | 1015 (74.8%) | |
| 1 | 563 (18.0%) | 293 (16.5%) | 270 (19.9%) | |
| 2 | 95 (3.0%) | 42 (2.4%) | 53 (3.9%) | |
| ≥3 | 29 (0.9%) | 10 (0.6%) | 19 (1.4%) |
Abbreviations: AF = atrial fibrillation; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; CKD = chronic kidney disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA/TIA = cerebrovascular accident/transient ischemic attack