Table 1.
Nanoformulations studied for the treatment of fungal infections caused by Candida and Cryptococcus yeasts.
| Nanoparticle | Drug (*) | Fungi | In vitro/in vivo | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuNP | – | C. albicans | in vitro and in vivo (mice) | Khan et al., 2012; Sherwani et al., 2015; Maliszewska et al., 2017 |
| AgNP | FLZ |
C. albicans
C. glabrata C. parapsilosis C. tropicalis Candida kefyr |
In vitro | Monteiro et al., 2011; Vazquez-Muñoz et al., 2014; Lara et al., 2015; Paul et al., 2018; Radhakrishnan et al., 2018a,b; Rózalska et al., 2018 |
| Propolis | C. albicansC. glabrataC. parapsilosisC. tropicalisC. kruseiF. oxysporumT. interdigitaleT. rubrumM. canis | In vitro | Kischkel et al., 2020. | |
| Magnetic | AmB/NYS | C. albicans | In vitro | Niemirowicz et al., 2016, 2017b. |
| PLGA-PEG PLGA-CHI |
AmB |
C. albicans
C.glabrata C. tropicalis Trichosporon asahii C. guilhermondii |
In vitro and in vivo (rats) | Radwan et al., 2017; Ludwig et al., 2018 |
| Chitosan | farnesol/miconazole | C. albicans | In vitro and in vivo (mice) | Fernandes Costa et al., 2019 |
| Solid lipid | AmB/FLZ |
C. albicans
C. glabrata C. parapsilosis C. neoformans fumigatus Penicillium marneffei |
In vitro | Moazeni et al., 2016; Jansook et al., 2018 |
| Nanostructured lipid carrier | AmB/FLZ |
C. neoformans
C. tropicalis C. krusei C. paraposilosis C. glabrata C. kefyre fumigatus Penicillium marneffei |
In vitro | Kelidari et al., 2017; Jansook et al., 2018; Domingues Bianchin et al., 2019 |
| Core-shell architecture of silver nanostructure (Pd@AgNSs) | AmB | Cryptococcus spp. | In vitro | Zhang C. et al., 2016 |
| AgNPs and AuNPs | – |
C. neoformans
C. gattii Candida spp. Dermatophytes |
In vitro | Ishida et al., 2014; Rónavári et al., 2018 |
| Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine nanoemulsion (ClAlP/NE) | – | C. neoformans | In vitro photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) | Rodrigues et al., 2012 |
| PLA-b-PEG coated with polysorbate 80 (Tween-80) | AmB | C. neoformans | In vivo | Ren et al., 2009 |
| Polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) | AmB | C. neoformans | In vivo (mice) | Xu et al., 2011 |
| Angiopep-PEG-PE polymeric micelles | AmB | C. neoformans | In vitro and in vivo (mice) | Shao et al., 2012 |
| BSA nanoparticles coated with polysorbate- 80 | AmB | C. neoformans | In vitro | Pedroso et al., 2018 |
| Nanoparticle crystal encapsulated (encochleated) | AmB/5FC | C. neoformans | In vivo (mice) | Lu et al., 2019 |
| PLGA/PLGA-PEG | ITZ/AmB |
C. neoformans
C. albicans |
In vitro and in vivo (mice) | Moraes Moreira Carraro et al., 2017; Tang et al., 2018 |
| SDCS nanomicelles | AmB | C. neoformans, C. albicans | In vitro | Usman et al., 2018 |
| PAMAM-sulfonamide dendrimers | - |
C. neoformans
C. glabrata |
In vitro | Carta et al., 2015 |
(*)
Drugs: AmB, Amphotericin B; ITZ, Itraconazole; NYS, Nystatin; FLZ, Fluconazole; 5FC, 5 fluorocytosine.