. 2020 Aug 26;63(1):e81. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.81

Table 5.

Hierarchical multiple regression analyses of demographic, risk and vulnerability factors, exposure to COVID-19, and COVID-19 related worry and mental health variables.

Independent variables	Dependent variables
	Depression		Anxiety		Insomnia
	ΔR²	β	ΔR²	β	ΔR²	β
Block 1: Demographic variables	0.138^***		0.138^***		0.055^***
Age		−0.95^**		−0.130^***		−0.007
Marital status ^a		−0.084^**		−0.029		−0.052
Children under 18		−0.043		−0.036		−0.036
Work status ^b		−0.042		−0.007		0.011
Education ^c		−0.046		−0.045		−0.019
Income ^d		0.014		−0.012		−0.040
Place of residence ^e		0.004		0.020		0.002
Block 2: Risk and vulnerability factors	0.269^***		0.257^***		0.187^***
Physical risk factors		−0.001		0.015		0.000
General health status ^f		−0.154^***		−0.082^**		−0.105^***
History of mental health problems		0.307^***		0.327^***		0.237^***
Household include other person at risk		0.043^*		0.062^**		0.032
Block 3: Exposure to COVID-19	0.05^***		0.04^***		0.069^***
COVID-19 symptoms		0.217^***		0.173^***		0.264^***
Block 4: COVID-19 related worries	0.043^***		0.078^***		0.028^***
Worry about own health		0.039		0.106^***		0.061^*
Worry about family and friends’ health		0.065^**		0.120^***		0.061^*
Worry about own economy		0.163^***		0.165^***		0.118^***
Worry about global economy		0.055^*		0.06^**		0.028

Marital status categorized into being single versus not being single (i.e., married/in a relationship, separated/divorced, and widowed).

Work status categorized into unstable economy (i.e., unemployment, sick leave, working part-time and student) versus stable economy (i.e., working full time, parental leave, and retired).

Education as categorized into lower-level education (i.e., presecondary and secondary education) versus higher level education (i.e., undergraduate and graduate education).

Income as categorized into lower level income (i.e., lower middle-income and middle income) versus higher level income (i.e., upper middle-income and high-income).

Place of residence as categorized into living in an apartment versus not living in an apartment (i.e., living in the countryside, villa in the suburbs, and in the city).

General health status as categorized into good versus poor health status.

p < .05;

^**

p < .01;

^***

p < .001.